131 lines
11 KiB
XML
131 lines
11 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">færank</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_færank" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3680e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>færank</orth><form xml:id="form_d3680e68" type="variant">(<orth>fyrænk</orth>)</form><form xml:id="form_d3680e72" type="variant">(<orth>frank</orth>)</form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3680e77" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fælank</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3680e80"><sense xml:id="sense_d3680e81"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>барс</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>panther</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3680e90"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>леопард</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>leopard</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3680e100">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3680e102">
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<quote>xæstæn jæ astæwty razmæ læbūrdtoj sæ bæxtæ færanktaw</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>посреди битвы их кони рвались вперед, как барсы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in the midst of the battle, their horses rushed forward like
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leopards</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3680e121">
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<quote>særgæs franḱy rasaxsta æmæ jæ Xætægomæ ʽrxasta; Xætægo jæ bastyǧta;
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zynarǧ sarmy xurnyg˳ylæny mælikmæ axasta wæjkænynmæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>орел схватил барса и принес его к Хатаго; Хатаго снял с него шкуру;
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дорогой мех он понес к западному царю на продажу</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the eagle grabbed the leopard and brought it to Hatago; Hatago
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skinned it; he took its expensive fur to the western king for
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sale</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>II
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73</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3680e140" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>fælank bazærond æj, sirdtæ axæssun æ bon næbal adtæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>барс состарился, не мог больше ловить зверей</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the leopard grew old and could no longer catch animals</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>II 34</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3680e162" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>duwwæ fælanki imæ ralæwirdtoncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>два барса набросились на него</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>two leopards pounced on him</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><biblScope>7%l??6??%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e255" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e186" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>pṛāng</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e260" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e191" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>palang</w>
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<gloss><q>барс</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e268" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e199" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>леопард</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e274" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e205" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pwrδʼnk</w>
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<gloss><q>леопард</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e282" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e213" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>pṛdāku-</w>
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<gloss><q>тигр</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e291" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e222" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>леопард</q></gloss></mentioned>. Если бы осетинское слово было
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оригинальным и восходило к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pṛdāku-</hi>, мы имели бы <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*færdak</hi>. Форма
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælank</hi> заставляет думать о заимствовании из персидского (где <hi rendition="#rend_italic">I</hi>
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закономерно из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rd</hi>). Заимствование должно было иметь место достаточно давно,
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когда еще действовал закон перехода <hi rendition="#rend_italic">p</hi>→<hi rendition="#rend_italic">f</hi> (см. об этом под словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>). Возможно также, что старая, чисто
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осетинская (скифская) форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*færda(n)k</hi> (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e299" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e230" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pwrδʼnk</w></mentioned>) изменилась под влиянием <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e304" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e235" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>palang</w></mentioned>. В основе древнеиранского названия лежал,
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по-видимому, корень означавший ‘пестрый’, ‘яркий’ и т. п. Этот корень сохранился
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в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færdyg"/> ‘самоцвет’, ‘бусина’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>145</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/><biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e186" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e255" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>pṛāng</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e191" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e260" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>palang</w>
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<gloss><q>panther</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e199" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e268" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
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<gloss><q>leopard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e205" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e274" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pwrδʼnk</w>
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<gloss><q>leopard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e213" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e282" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>pṛdāku-</w>
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<gloss><q>tiger</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e222" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e291" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>leopard</q></gloss></mentioned>. If the Ossetic word had been
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original and had traced back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pṛdāku-</hi>, we would have had <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*færdak</hi>. The
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form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælank</hi> forces to think about the borrowing from Persian (where <hi rendition="#rend_italic">I</hi> is
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regularly from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rd</hi>). The borrowing must have been rather long ago, when the
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law of transition <hi rendition="#rend_italic">p</hi>→<hi rendition="#rend_italic">f</hi> was still in effect (see about this under the word
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>). It is also possible, that the old
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purely Ossetic (Scythian) form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*færda(n)k</hi> (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e230" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e299" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pwrδʼnk</w></mentioned>) was changed under the influence of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3680e235" xml:id="mentioned_d3680e304" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>palang</w></mentioned>. The ancient Iranian name was apparently based on
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the root meaning ‘multicoloured’, ‘bright’, etc. This root was preserved in
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Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færdyg"/> ‘gem’, ‘bead’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>145</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/><biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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