167 lines
15 KiB
XML
167 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fat</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fat" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d167e66" type="lemma"><orth>fat</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d167e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>стрела</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>arrow</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d167e79" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><usg><lang/></usg><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пуля</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bullet</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also</note></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d167e95">
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<form xml:id="form_d167e97" type="lemma"><orth>fatdon</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d167e100"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>колчан</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>quiver</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d167e111">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d167e113">
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<quote>fat æmæ rdynæj qazyn qom festy</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они достигли возраста, чтобы играть в стрелу и лук</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they have reached the age to play with arrows and bows</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d167e132">
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<quote>Batyraʒ… jæ fat æmæ ʽrdyn sīsta; fat fexsta, æmæ Wærxægty wælkʼæsær
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nyssaǧdī; bæstyxaj nyrryztī, sæg æryzǧæld</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Батрадз достал стрелу и лук; пустил стрелу, и она вонзилась над
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порогом (дома) Уархаговых; дом задрожал, посыпалась сажа</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Batradz took out an arrow and a bow; he shot an arrow, and it got
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stuck over the threshold of the Uarkhagovs' house; the house started
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shaking, the soot started falling down</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
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151</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d167e151" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>fexsta fat, ma ærtemæj ærizdaxtæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он пустил стрелу, и она вернулась строенной</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he shot an arrow, and it returned three-throw</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>14%l11%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d167e173" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>tuǧdon zingi simbaldæj rast dæ zærdi izdin fat</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в огне битвы попала тебе прямо в сердце свинцовая пуля</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a lead bullet hit your heart during the fire of battle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d167e195">
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<quote>jæ fatdon cʼæx ændon qæstæ fattæj je ʽʒag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>его колчан полон стрел (с наконечниками) из серой стали</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>his quiver is full of arrows tipped with gray steel</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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50</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Как и другие названия холодного оружия, восходит к иранскому
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(см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rttiǧ"/> ‘наконечник стрелы’, буквально
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„трехгранник“, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rdyn"/> ‘колчан’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arc"/> ‘копье’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsargard"/>
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‘меч’, ‘шашка’). Распространено в восточноиранских диалектах: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e352" xml:id="mentioned_d167e226" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>pāt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e358" xml:id="mentioned_d167e232" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pāθ- (pʼδδ-)</w>
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<gloss><q>стрела</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e366" xml:id="mentioned_d167e240" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>paθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e371" xml:id="mentioned_d167e245" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
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<w>pāθ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/><biblScope>VII
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257</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e382" xml:id="mentioned_d167e256" xml:lang="x-rushani"><w>pūθ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Барт."/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e391" xml:id="mentioned_d167e265" xml:lang="sgh-x-oroshori"><lang/>
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<w>pōδ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e396" xml:id="mentioned_d167e270" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>puδ</w>
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<gloss><q>стрела</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e405" xml:id="mentioned_d167e279" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>пуля</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e411" xml:id="mentioned_d167e285" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pāδ</w>
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<gloss><q>тетива</q></gloss></mentioned> (? <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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533</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e423" xml:id="mentioned_d167e297" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>pēθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e428" xml:id="mentioned_d167e302" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>pūx</w>
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<gloss><q>стрела</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e436" xml:id="mentioned_d167e310" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>пуля</q></gloss></mentioned>. Конечный глухой <c>t</c> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fat</hi>,
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как и другие новоиранские формы, указывает на <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e443" xml:id="mentioned_d167e319" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>pāθ-</w></mentioned>. Несомненна связь с корнем <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pat-</hi> ‘лететь’; для
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объяснения <hi rendition="#rend_italic">θ</hi> следует предполагать существование параллельной древнеиранской
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формы <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*path-</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 333</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/><biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._VJ"/><biblScope>93%l251%l</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Like other names for cold arms, it goes back to Iranian (see
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rttiǧ"/> ‘arrow-head’, literally ‘trihedron’,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rdyn"/> ‘quiver’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arc"/> ‘spear’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsargard"/>
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‘sword’, ‘sabre’). It is widespread in East Iranian dialects: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e226" xml:id="mentioned_d167e352" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>pāt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e232" xml:id="mentioned_d167e358" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pāθ- (pʼδδ-)</w>
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<gloss><q>arrow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e240" xml:id="mentioned_d167e366" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>paθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e245" xml:id="mentioned_d167e371" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
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<w>pāθ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/><biblScope>VII
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257</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e256" xml:id="mentioned_d167e382" xml:lang="x-rushani"><w>pūθ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Барт."/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e265" xml:id="mentioned_d167e391" xml:lang="sgh-x-oroshori"><lang/>
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<w>pōδ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e270" xml:id="mentioned_d167e396" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>puδ</w>
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<gloss><q>arrow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e279" xml:id="mentioned_d167e405" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
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<gloss><q>bullet</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e285" xml:id="mentioned_d167e411" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pāδ</w>
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<gloss><q>bowstring</q></gloss></mentioned> (? <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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533</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e297" xml:id="mentioned_d167e423" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>pēθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e302" xml:id="mentioned_d167e428" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>pūx</w>
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<gloss><q>arrow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e310" xml:id="mentioned_d167e436" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>bullet</q></gloss></mentioned>. The final unvoiced consonant <hi rendition="#rend_italic">t</hi>
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in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fat</hi>, as other new Iranian forms, points at <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d167e319" xml:id="mentioned_d167e443" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>pāθ-</w></mentioned>. The relation to the root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pat-</hi> ‘fly’ is
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doubtless; for the explanation of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">θ</hi> one should suppose the existence of a
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parallel Old Iranian form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*path-</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 333</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/><biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._VJ"/><biblScope>93%l251%l</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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