189 lines
16 KiB
XML
189 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ræxojyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ræxojyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d3735e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ræxojyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3735e68" type="participle"><orth>ræx˳yst</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3735e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ræxwajun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3735e73" type="participle"><orth>ræxust</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3735e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d3735e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пронзать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pierce</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3735e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>протыкать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>poke</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3735e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>колоть</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stab</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d3735e105">
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<form xml:id="form_d3735e107" type="lemma"><orth>baræxojyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3735e110"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пронзить</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pierce</q>
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</tr></sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3735e122"><sense xml:id="sense_d3735e123"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пырнуть</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stab</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3735e132"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>воткнуть</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stick in</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Глаголы <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætʼūzyn"/> и
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmpʼūzyn"/> употребляются в том же значении, но наделены
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большей экспрессией</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. The verbs <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætʼūzyn"/> and
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmpʼūzyn"/> are used in the same meaning, but have
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greater expression</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3735e158">
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<example xml:id="example_d3735e160">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læg qama sīsta æmæ ʒy lalym
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<oRef>nyrræx˳ysta</oRef>, æmæ lalymæj myd nyppæxxætt kodta fæjnærdæm</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">муж взял кинжал и пырнул им бурдюк, и из
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бурдюка брызнул мед во все стороны</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the husband took a dagger and stabbed a
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wineskin with it, and honey sprayed out of the wineskin in all directions</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 264</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3735e185">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱyzgy k˳y awydta, wæd cyma qamajæ
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<oRef>zærdæræx˳yst</oRef> fæcī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда он увидел девушку, то ему как будто
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пронзили сердце кинжалом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when he saw the girl, it was as if a dagger had
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pierced his heart</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>129</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3735e210">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd cæfæj næ mælys, wæd dyn ūj ta
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<oRef>ræx˳yst</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если ты не умираешь от удара, то вот тебе укол
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(кинжалом, ножом, копьем)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if you do not die from a blow, then here is a
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stab (with a dagger, a knife, a spear)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104133+0300" comment="ок?"?>поговорка<?oxy_comment_end ?>;
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</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104133+0300" comment="ок?"?>saying<?oxy_comment_end ?>;
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</note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 210</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3735e244">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cū-ma</q>
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<oRef>ræx˳ystæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее понукание (сопровождалось) уколом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her prodding was (accompanied by) a
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220610T173416+0300" comment="??"?>stab<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3735e274" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gidannæ ræsuǧd bolat kærdænæj ku
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<oRef>raræxusta</oRef> æ tækkæ zærdæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">красавица Гиданна булатными ножницами пронзила
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себе самое сердце</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the beautiful Gidanna pierced her very heart
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with damask scissors</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3735e303" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aqbad ærxawdtæj <oRef>ræxustæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Акбад упал пронзенный</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Akbad fell
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220610T173505+0300" comment="?"?>pierced<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Глаголы <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xojyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xojyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwajun</w>
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<gloss><q>колотить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>толочь</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e476" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e350" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>)</note></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræxojyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ræxojyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ræxwajun</w>
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<gloss><q>пронзать</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e494" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e368" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">fra-xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>)</note></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ysxojyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ysxojyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æsxwajun</w>
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<gloss><q>толкать</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e512" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e386" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">uz-xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>)</note></ref> содержат одну
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и ту же основу <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e476" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e393" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>бить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>колоть</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр., в первом
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случае без преверба, в двух других — в сращении с превербами <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e531" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e405" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104931+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>fra-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(→ <m>ra-</m>)</note></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e542" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e416" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104931+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>uz-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(→ <m>ys-</m>)</note></mentioned>. Основа <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e519" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e426" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned> хорошо представлена в
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восточноиранских языках. Ос. <oRef>ræxojyn</oRef> имеет близкое соответствие в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e560" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e434" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">fra-xwāy-</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>βrγwʼy</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>крошить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Остальное см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xojyn"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ysxojyn"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>178, 227</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The verbs <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xojyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xojyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwajun</w>
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<gloss><q>pound</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>crush</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e350" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e476" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>)</note></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræxojyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ræxojyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ræxwajun</w>
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<gloss><q>pierce</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e368" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e494" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">fra-xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>)</note></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ysxojyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ysxojyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æsxwajun</w>
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<gloss><q>push</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e386" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e512" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">uz-xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>)</note></ref> contain the
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same stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e350" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e519" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>beat</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>prick</q></gloss></mentioned>, etc., in the first
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case without a preverb, in the other two cases in fusion with preverbs <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e405" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e531" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104931+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>fra-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(→ <m>ra-</m>)</note></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e416" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e542" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104931+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>uz-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(→ <m>ys-</m>)</note></mentioned>. The stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e393" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e552" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T104630+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">xwāy-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned> is well represented in Eastern
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Iranian languages. Ossetic <oRef>ræxojyn</oRef> has a close correspondence in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3735e434" xml:id="mentioned_d3735e560" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">fra-xwāy-</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>βrγwʼy</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>crumble</q></gloss></mentioned>. See the rest under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xojyn"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ysxojyn"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>178, 227</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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