304 lines
20 KiB
XML
304 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sarǧ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sarǧ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1256e66" type="lemma"><orth>sarǧ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1256e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>седло</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>saddle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>særǧgænæg</w>
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<gloss><q>седельник</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sarǧy
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bæx</phr>
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<gloss><q>верховая лошадь</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>wanä-šə</w><gloss>
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<q>верховая лошадь</q></gloss>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">седла-лошадь</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>særǧgænæg</w>
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<gloss><q>saddle-maker</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sarǧy
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bæx</phr>
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<gloss><q>riding horse</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>wanä-šə</w><gloss>
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<q>riding horse</q></gloss>, literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">saddle-horse</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sarǧ</oRef> fyldær arazync
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syvylʒæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">седло обычно делают из карагача</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saddle is often made from elm</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">de ’fsūrgyl dyn widon aftawʒæn Mæjy fyrt,
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stæj jyl syǧzærīn <oRef>sarǧ</oRef> aværʒæn Xūry fyrt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на твоего чудо-коня наденет уздечку сын Месяца,
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потом положит на него золотое седло сын Солнца</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the son of the Month will put a bridle on your
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wonderful horse, then the son of the Sun will put a golden saddle on it</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ajs mæ sawloxag æd <oRef>sarǧ</oRef>, æd
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widon</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">возьми моего шавлоховского (коня) с седлом, с
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уздечкой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">take my sawlokh (horse) with the saddle, with
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the bridle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dīssaǵy <oRef>sarǧy</oRef> bæx</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чудесный верховой конь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a wonderful riding horse</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæstærtæ <oRef>særǧtæ</oRef> sīstoj?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сняли ли молодые люди седла (с коней)?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">did the young men take the saddles off (from
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the horses)?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>114</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæmændær jæ bæxæn jæ bon næ cydī æmæ jæ
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<oRef>sarǧy</oRef> nadta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто-то не мог справиться со своим конем и
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колотил седло</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">somebody couldn't cope with his horse and
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beated the saddle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 212</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">suǧzærīnæ sawædonæj gæbæt bajʒag kodta æma ’i
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næxætbosæj <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sarǧi</oRef> kʼoxmæ babasta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он наполнил бурдюк из золотого родника и
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тороками привязал его к луке седла</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he filled the wineskin with water from the
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golden stream and tied it to his saddle bow with straps</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qalon æd rævʒæ <oRef>sarǧi</oRef> bæx</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дань — верховая лошадь со снаряжением</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the tribute is a riding horse with
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equipment</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">idænttæ, <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">særǧtæ</oRef>, dametong æncæ i ’vzestæj fur eftong</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">уздечки, седла, хвостовой ремень обильно
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украшены серебром</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bridles, saddles, a tail belt are abundantly
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decorated with silver</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæxtæ rawaǧta ædidænttæ æma <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ædsærǧtæ</oRef> igwærdænti æma xunti wæǧdæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">коней он пустил вместе с уздечками и седлами
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(пастись) свободно на покосах и пашнях</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he let the horses graze freely on the hayfields
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and arable lands with their bridles and saddles</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">særǧtæ</oRef> nin
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æværæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">оседлай нам (коней)</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> (<q>положи нам
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седла</q>)</note>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saddle us the horses</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> (<q>put us the
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saddles</q>)</note>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>27₁₀</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru"><name>Шегрен</name>, а за ним <name>Вс. Миллер</name> и
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<name>Hübschmann</name> относили это слово к числу заимствованных из арабского
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(<mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>sarj</w>
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<gloss><q>седло</q></gloss></mentioned>). Однако после того, как слово было обнаружено в
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согдийском, приходится ставить вопрос иначе: не заимствовано ли <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>sarj</w></mentioned> из иранского? Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>sarj</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <w type="rec">sarg</w> под арабским
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влиянием?)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>sarγ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">saγr</w> (<w>sʼγr</w>) <gloss><q>седло</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/>
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<biblScope>I 211</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1936, стр. 228</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/>
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<biblScope>205</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_VJ"/>
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<biblScope>91</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1933, стр. 37</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>saγm</w>
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<gloss><q>верблюжье седло</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
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<biblScope>CXX 298</biblScope></bibl>). В пользу оригинальности осетинского слова
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говорит и то, что почти вся терминология, связанная с верховой ездой, — исконное иранское
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наследие; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baræg"/>
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<gloss><q>всадник</q></gloss> (также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bal_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_balc"/>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widon"/>
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<gloss><q>уздечка</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftawgæ"/>
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<gloss><q>попона</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxtong"/>
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<gloss><q>подпруга</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymītong"/>
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<gloss><q>хвостовой ремень</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdyncoj"/>
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<gloss><q>стремя</q></gloss>. — Древнеиранский прототип слова <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><w>saγr</w>, <w>sarγ</w></mentioned> остается неясным. Возможна этимологическая связь
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с <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">σαγρα</w> рядом с <w>σάγμα</w>
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<gloss><q>(вьючное) седло</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>saγ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>верх</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>свод</q></gloss>,
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>крыша</q></gloss></mentioned>. Из согдийского идет <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>saγrə</w>, <w>savrə</w>, <w>saurə</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>круп лошади</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 614</biblScope></bibl>, откуда <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>савры</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тебеньки седельные</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>кожаные подколенники у
|
|||
|
|
седла</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 127</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>126</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>72 — 73</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>131</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl> (восстанавливает пехл. <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w type="rec">sarγ</w></mentioned>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>805</biblScope></bibl> (привлекает также <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sirekh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>siregh</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>стеганое шерстяное одеяло</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>матрац</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en"><name>Shegren</name>, and after him <name>Ws. Miller</name> and
|
|||
|
|
<name>Hübschmann</name>, attributed this word to the circle of borrowings from Arabic
|
|||
|
|
(<mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sarj</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>saddle</q></gloss></mentioned>). However, once the word was found in Sogdian,
|
|||
|
|
one need to pose the question differently: wasn't <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sarj</w></mentioned> itself borrowed from Iranian? Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sarj</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(is it derived from <w type="rec">sarg</w> under the
|
|||
|
|
Arabic influence?)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sarγ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">saγr</w> (<w>sʼγr</w>) <gloss><q>saddle</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 211</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1936, p. 228</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>205</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_VJ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>91</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1933, p. 37</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>saγm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>camel saddle</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>CXX 298</biblScope></bibl>). In favour of the originality of the Ossetic word
|
|||
|
|
speaks also the fact that almost all the terminology connected with the horse riding is an
|
|||
|
|
original Iranian heritage; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baræg"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>horseman</q></gloss> (also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bal_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_balc"/>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widon"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bridle</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftawgæ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>horsecloth</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxtong"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>(saddle-)girth</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymītong"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>tail strap</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdyncoj"/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>stirrup</q></gloss>. — The Old Iranian prototype of the word <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><w>saγr</w>, <w>sarγ</w></mentioned> remains unclear. The etymological
|
|||
|
|
connection with <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">σαγρα</w> along with <w>σάγμα</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>(pack) saddle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>saγ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>top</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>arch</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>roof</q></gloss></mentioned> is possible. From the Sogdian <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>saγrə</w>, <w>savrə</w>, <w>saurə</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>croup of a horse</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 614</biblScope></bibl> is borrowed, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>savry</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>leather details of the saddle that are situated under horseman's
|
|||
|
|
knees</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 127</biblScope></bibl>) is a borrowing from Turkic. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>126</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>72 — 73</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>131</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>161</biblScope></bibl> (he reconstructs Middle Persian <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w type="rec">sarγ</w></mentioned>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>805</biblScope></bibl> (he adds also <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sirekh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>siregh</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>quilted wool blanket</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>mattress</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|