155 lines
12 KiB
XML
155 lines
12 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼax</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_kʼax" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5762e66" type="lemma"><orth>kʼax</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5762e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>нога</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>leg</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d5762e79">
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<re xml:id="re_d5762e81">
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<form xml:id="form_d5762e83" type="lemma"><orth>kʼaxʒæf</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5762e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>шаг</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>step</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5762e97" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<lang/>
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<form xml:id="form_d5762e101" type="lemma"><orth>kʼaxkʼūx</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5762e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>палец ноги</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>foot toe</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5762e115">
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<form xml:id="form_d5762e117" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kʼaxvændag</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5762e120" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kʼaxnad</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5762e123"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пешая тропа</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pedestrian path</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5762e135">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5762e137">
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<quote>jæ kʼax næ fællad</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>его нога не уставала</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>his leg didn’t get tired</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5762e156">
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<quote>duryl aværdta jæ kʼæxtæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он стал ногами на камень</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he got his feet on the stone</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>79</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5762e175">
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<quote>cæwyny kʼaxyl nyllæwwyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>изготовиться в дорогу</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>get ready for the trip</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5762e190">
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<quote>sæfty kʼaxyl nyllæwwyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>стать на путь погибели</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>take the path of perdition</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вошло в осетинский из кавказского субстрата; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e302" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e208" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>kog</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e307" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e213" xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
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<w>kok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e312" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e218" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>kog</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e317" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e223" xml:lang="dar-x-aqusha"><lang/>
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<w>kax</w>
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<gloss><q>нога</q></gloss></mentioned>, также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e325" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e231" xml:lang="khv"><lang/>
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<w>ḳaḳa</w>
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<gloss><q>голень</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(<bibl><biblScope>Дирр</biblScope></bibl>). О прямом заимствовании из
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чеченского трудно думать ввиду различия огласовки и начального согласного (ос.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼ</hi> — чеч. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi>). Скорее приходится допускать вклад из какого-то не
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дошедшего до нас языка восточногорской группы, родственного чеченскому. Как
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относятся сюда <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e337" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e243" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>kok</w>
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<gloss><q>нога</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e345" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e251" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
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<w>kuk</w>
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<gloss><q>лапа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e353" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e259" xml:lang="udm"><w/>
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<gloss><q>нога (животных)</q></gloss></mentioned> — не беремся судить (см.:
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<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Arja es
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kaukázusi elemek a finn-magyar nyelvekben. 1901, стр.
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99</biblScope></bibl>).— Иранским
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словом для ‘ноги’ было <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pada-</hi>),
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которое и сейчас широко представлено в устойчивых речениях и сложных словах.
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Такие же пары (иранское и кавказское слово) имеем для ‘руки’ (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/>) и ‘рта’ (см.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyx"/>ʒyx). — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxyn"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 146</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>78, 105, 117</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It entered Ossetic from Caucasian substrate; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e208" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e302" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>kog</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e213" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e307" xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
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<w>kok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e218" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e312" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>kog</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e223" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e317" xml:lang="dar-x-aqusha"><lang/>
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<w>kax</w>
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<gloss><q>leg</q></gloss></mentioned>, also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e231" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e325" xml:lang="khv"><lang/>
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<w>ḳaḳa</w>
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<gloss><q>lower leg</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Дирр"/></bibl>). It is difficult to think about direct
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borrowing from Chechen because of the difference in vowel composition and
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initial consonant (Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼ</hi> — Chechen <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi>). Rather, one has to admit a
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contribution from some language of Northeast Caucasian group related to Chechen
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that has not reached us. We do not presume to judge how <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e243" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e337" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>kok</w>
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<gloss><q>leg</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e251" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e345" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
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<w>kuk</w>
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<gloss><q>paw</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5762e259" xml:id="mentioned_d5762e353" xml:lang="udm"><w/>
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<gloss><q>(animal) leg</q></gloss></mentioned> are related to it (see:
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<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author><biblScope xml:lang="en">Arja es kaukázusi elemek a
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finn-magyar nyelvekben. 1901, p. 99</biblScope></bibl>).— An Iranian
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word for ‘leg’ was <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pada-</hi>), which is
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still widely used in collocations and compound words. There are the same pairs
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(an Iranian word and a Caucasian one) for ‘hand’ (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/>) and ‘mouth’
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(see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyx"/>). — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼaxyn"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 146</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>78, 105, 117</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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