184 lines
12 KiB
XML
184 lines
12 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">særībar</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_særībar" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d3235e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>særībar</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>særebar</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3235e69">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вольный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>unrestricted</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>свободный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>free</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>свобода</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>freedom</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>særibarʒinad</w>
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<gloss><q>свобода</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>særibarʒinad</w>
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<gloss><q>freedom</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qūdy kom... <oRef/> adæm wydysty, ældaræn
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qalon næ fystoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(жители) Кудского ущелья были вольный народ, не
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платили князю дани</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the inhabitants of the) Kudy gorge were free
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people, they didn't pay tribute to the prince</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">max æmsær, æmx˳yzon <oRef>særībar</oRef> adæm
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wydystæm</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мы были равноправные свободные люди</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we were free people with equal rights</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dysa ūj fæstæ īw kʼord azty ænæ mast, mæg˳yr
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æmæ <oRef>særībaræj</oRef> acard</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дыса после того прожила несколько лет
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беспечально, в бедности, но свободная</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dysa lived a few years after that without
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sorrow, in poverty, but free</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>91</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kænæ <oRef>særībar</oRef>, kænæ
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mælæt!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">либо свобода, либо смерть!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">either freedom or death!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из песни об Исаке
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Харебове</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from the song about Isak
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Kharebov</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tari cæfsæd <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">særebaræ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть во мраке пламенеет свобода</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let freedom flame in the darkness</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сложение из <w>sær</w>
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<gloss><q>голова</q></gloss> и <w>bar</w>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"><gloss><q>право</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>воля</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>власть</q></gloss></ref>, с соединительным гласным
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<c>-ī-</c> | <c>-e-</c> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 207₆</biblScope></bibl>). Такое же сложение, но без соединительного
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гласного имеем в д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særbaræ"><w>særbaræ</w>
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<gloss><q>свобода</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>свободный</q></gloss></ref>. Эти же компоненты
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могут выступать в <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">развернутом</q> виде: <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sæ sær sæ bar næ wydīs</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">они не были свободны</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">их голова не была в их власти</q></gloss>) <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl></note>; <phr>max bar nal ysty næ særtæ </phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">мы уже не свободны</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">наши головы уже не в нашей власти</q></gloss>) <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. По образованию ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tavisupali</w>
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<gloss><q>свободный</q></gloss>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хозяин (<w>upali</w>) головы (<w>tavis</w>)</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>ṡẖäxuit</w>
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<gloss><q>свободный</q></gloss> из <w>ṡẖä</w>
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<gloss><q>голова</q></gloss> и <w>xuit</w>
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<gloss><q>вольный</q></gloss></mentioned>. В этих сложениях <gloss><q>голова</q></gloss>
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выступает в функции возвратно-притяжательного местоимения <gloss><q>сам</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>свой</q></gloss>: <gloss><q>предоставленный своей воле</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>вольный над собой</q></gloss>. В грузинском это особенно наглядно:
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<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>tavi</w>
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<gloss><q>голова</q></gloss>, <w>tavisi</w>
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<gloss><q>свой</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særbaræ"/>.
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<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<biblScope>1948 XII 331</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It is a compound from <w>sær</w>
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<gloss><q>head</q></gloss> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"><w>bar</w>
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<gloss><q>right</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>will</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>power</q></gloss></ref>, with a linking vowel <c>-ī-</c> | <c>-e-</c>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 207₆</biblScope></bibl>). Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særbaræ"><w>særbaræ</w>
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<gloss><q>freedom</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>free</q></gloss></ref> is the same compound,
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but without a linking vowel. These components may be used in <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">expanded</q> from: <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sæ sær
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sæ bar næ wydīs</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">they weren't free</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">their head was not in their power</q></gloss>) <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl></note>; <phr>max bar nal ysty næ særtæ </phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">we are not free anymore</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">our heads are not in our power</q></gloss>) <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>. As for the derivaton, cf.
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<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tavisupali</w>
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<gloss><q>free</q></gloss>, literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">owner
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(<w>upali</w>) of the head (<w>tavis</w>)</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>ṡẖäxuit</w>
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<gloss><q>free</q></gloss> from <w>ṡẖä</w>
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<gloss><q>head</q></gloss> and <w>xuit</w>
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<gloss><q>free</q></gloss></mentioned>. In these compounds <gloss><q>head</q></gloss>
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functions as a reflexive-posessive pronoun <gloss><q>him-/herself</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>his/her</q></gloss>: <gloss><q>left to the own will</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>free over oneself </q></gloss>. In Georgian it is especially clear:
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<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>tavi</w>
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<gloss><q>head</q></gloss>, <w>tavisi</w>
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<gloss><q>his/her</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særbaræ"/>. <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<biblScope>1948 XII 331</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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