230 lines
15 KiB
XML
230 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tas_2</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_tas_2" n="2" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230203T214714+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d281e66" type="lemma"><orth>tas</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d281e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>таз</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>basin</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…xastoj wærdættæm… agtæ, alǧactæ, tæbæǧtæ,
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wīdg˳ytæ, <oRef>tastæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…(они) несли к арбам кастрюли, сковороды,
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тарелки, ложки, тазы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…(they) carried pots, pans, plates, spoons,
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basins to the arbs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>167</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Farizet qærmust donīmæ <oRef>tas</oRef>
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æræværdta Cærajy raz æmæ jyn jæ k’æxtæ ’xsynyl nyllæwwyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Фаризет поставила перед Цараем таз с тепловатой
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водой и принялась мыть ему ноги</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Farizet put a basin of warm water in front of
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Tsarai and began to wash his feet</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>138</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sona… kærty ’xsadta gærztæ styr
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<oRef>tasy</oRef>; <oRef>tas</oRef> wydīs sapony fynkæj jæ tækkæ ʒag</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Сона во дворе стирала белье в большом тазу; таз
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был полон до краев мыльной пены</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sona was washing laundry in a large basin in
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the yard; the basin was full to the brim with soapy lather</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1957</date>
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<biblScope>III 60</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dwargæron k’umi ba — ærxi <oRef>tas</oRef>,
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ærxi quvǧan donæj ʒagæj æma k’oxæxsnæn sapojnæ cæskomsærfæni xæccæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у двери в углу — медный таз, медный кумган,
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полный воды, и мыло для рук с личным полотенцем</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">by the door in the corner there are a copper
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basin, a copper pitcher full of water, and hand soap and a personal towel</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<date>1949</date>
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<biblScope>II 29</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Один из тех случаев, когда две различные этимологии оказываются
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одинаково возможными. Можно, с одной стороны, считать слово исконным иранским наследием и
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возводить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tašta-</w></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>tašt</w>
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<gloss><q>чаша</q>, <q>чашка</q>, <q>миска</q>, <q>таз</q>, <q>блюдо</q>,
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<q>поднос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w xml:lang="pal">tašt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>tašta-</w>
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<gloss><q>чаша</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>t’ašt’</w>
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<gloss><q>чаша</q>, <q>пиала</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>251</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>t’ašt’i</w>
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<gloss><q>таз</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
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<biblScope>VI 1263</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Конечный <c>-t</c> мог в
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осетинском отпасть, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mes"><w>mes</w>
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<gloss><q>кожаный чулок</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">mešt</w></mentioned>. Но <oRef>tas</oRef> может быть и заимствованием и примыкать к
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широко распространенному в тюркских, кавказских и европейских языках слову арабского, как
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считают, происхождения: <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>чаша</q>, <q>таз</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>465</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>ṭās</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>ṭās</w>
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<gloss><q>чаша</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Zenker"/>
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<biblScope>II 589</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>tos</w>
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<gloss><q>чашка</q>, <q>миска</q>, <q>таз</q>, <q>лохань</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>tása</w>
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<gloss><q>медный поднос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>tóso</w>
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<gloss><q>сковорода</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>266</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Туманов</author>.
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<title>Русско-арм. сл.</title>
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<pubPlace>Тифлис</pubPlace>, <biblScope>стр.
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608</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tasi</w>
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<gloss><q>чаша</q>, <q>чашка</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
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<biblScope>IV 345</biblScope></bibl>; <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">преимущественно серебрянная</q>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
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<biblScope>552</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>id.</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
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<w>t’as</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>t’ars</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
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<w>t’äs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>таз</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>металлическая кружка</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Адыг. сл.</title>
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<biblScope>522</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>таз</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Tasse</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>tasse</w>
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<gloss><q>чашка</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lokotsch"/>
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<biblScope>160</biblScope></bibl>). Источником заимствования для осетинского могли быть
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тюркские языки или русский.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">One of those cases where two different etymologies are equally possible.
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On the one hand, we can consider the word to be a genuine Iranian vocabulary and derive it
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from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tašta-</w></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>tašt</w>
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<gloss><q>bowl</q>, <q>cup</q>, <q>basin</q>, <q>dish</q>,
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<q>tray</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w xml:lang="pal">tašt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>tašta-</w>
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<gloss><q>bowl</q></gloss></mentioned>. This includes also <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>t’ašt’</w>
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<gloss><q>bowl</q>, <q>piala</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>251</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>t’ašt’i</w>
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<gloss><q>basin</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
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<biblScope>VI 1263</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The final <c>-t</c> may
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have fallen away in Ossetic, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mes"><w>mes</w>
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<gloss><q>leather stocking</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">mešt</w></mentioned>. But <oRef>tas</oRef> may also be a loanword and may
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be related to a word widespread in Turkic, Caucasian, and European languages, thought to
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be of Arabic origin: <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>bowl</q>, <q>basin</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>465</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>ṭās</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>ṭās</w>
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<gloss><q>bowl</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Zenker"/>
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<biblScope>II 589</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>tos</w>
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<gloss><q>cup</q>, <q>bowl</q>, <q>basin</q>, <q>tub</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>tása</w>
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<gloss><q>copper tray</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>tóso</w>
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<gloss><q>pan</q></gloss></mentioned>. This includes also <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>266</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Tumanov</author>.
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<title>Russko-armjanskij slovarʹ</title> [Russian-Armenian Dictionary].
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<pubPlace>Tiflis</pubPlace>, <biblScope>p.
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608</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tasi</w>
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<gloss><q>bowl</q>, <q>cup</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
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<biblScope>IV 345</biblScope></bibl>; <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">predominantly silver</q>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
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<biblScope>552</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>id.</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
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<w>t’as</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>t’ars</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
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<w>t’äs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>basin</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
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<w>tas</w>
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<gloss><q>metal cup</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Adygejskij slovarʹ</title> [Adyghe Dictionary]
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<biblScope>522</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>taz</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Tasse</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>tasse</w>
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<gloss><q>bowl</q></gloss></mentioned>, etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lokotsch"/>
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<biblScope>160</biblScope></bibl>). The source of borrowing into Ossetic could have been
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Turkic languages or Russian.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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