599 lines
58 KiB
XML
599 lines
58 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wac</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wac" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1882e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wac</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>wac</orth> <form type="variant"><orth>wacæ</orth></form> <form type="variant"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230531T121008+0300" comment="в словаре эта форма отделена от остальных точкой с запятой"?><orth>was</orth><?oxy_comment_end ?><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(перед <c>t</c>, <c>k</c>)</note> <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(before <c>t</c>, <c>k</c>)</note></form></form>
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<sense n="1">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1882e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>весть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>news</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wacq˳yd</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">весть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">news</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wacxæssæg</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вестник</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">messenger</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в современном литературном языке также)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(in the modern literary lagnuage also)</note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>газетный корреспондент</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>newspaper correpondent</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xorz wac</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">добрая весть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">good news</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>cīny wac</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">радостная весть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wonderful news</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>fyd wac</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дурная весть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bad news</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<sense n="2">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в эпосе и мифологии)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(in the epos and the mythology)</note>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>божество</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>deity</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>божественный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>divine</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>святой</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>saint</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (эпитет небожителей)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (an epithet for celestial beings)</note>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1882e75" n="1">
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæstæj nyl fyd <oRef>wac</oRef>
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sæmbældī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с войны до нас дошла дурная весть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bad news reached us from the war</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Q˳yrman jæ bæxmæ ‘sgæpp kodta æmæ Akamæ
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‘sfardæg æbwalǧy <oRef>wac</oRef> raʒūrynmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Курман вскочил на коня и отправился к Ака
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сообщить страшную весть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qyrman jumped on a horse and went to Aka to
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tell him the shocking news</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>232</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ægas næm cū, Q˳yrman, æmæ farny
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<oRef>wacxæssæg</oRef> fæū, — cyma fydbylyzy <oRef>wacæj</oRef> tarst ūjaw raarfæ
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kodta Aka</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">добро пожаловать к нам, Курман, и будь
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вестником <emph>фарна</emph>, — приветствовал (его) Ака, как бы опасаясь злой
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вести</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">welcome, Qyrman, be the messenger of
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<emph>farn</emph>, — Aka greeted (him), as if afraid of the bad news</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>233</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Irod… feq˳ysta <oRef>wac</oRef> Jecojy
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tyxxæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ирод… услышал молву об Иисусе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Herod… heard of the fame of Jesus</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope>14 1</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/> </usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xwarz Nikkola ma ræšti Wašgergi bæxtæbæl
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badgæ æracæwuncæ, — sæ <oRef>wacæ</oRef> roxsæj cæstæ tar kænuj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">добрый Никкола и праведный Уасгерги верхом на
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конях едут, — их божественный свет ослепляет глаз</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the kind Nikkola and the righteous Washgergi
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are travelling on horseback, their divine light blinding the eye</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>57<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">124–126</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/> </usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">omæn (kinʒæn) æ kʼoxbælxwæcæg —
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<oRef>wacæ</oRef> Wasgergi</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у нее (невесты) шафером — божественный
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Уасгерги</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her (the bride’s) bestman — the divine
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Wasgergi</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 136</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/> </usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oj, <oRef>was</oRef> Totur</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о, святой Тотур</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oh, sain Totur</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 139</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/> </usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wac</oRef> Nikkolaj lægættæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пещеры святого Никкола</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(близ аула
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Донифарс в Дигории)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">(близ аула
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Донифарс в Дигории)</note>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the caves of saint Nikkola</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment">(near the aul of Donifars in
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Digoria)</note>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 119–120</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. — См. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"><w>Wastyrǵi</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w></ref></note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"><w>Wastyrǵi</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w></ref></note>
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|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāč-</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāčah-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāčya-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāxša-</w></mentioned>), индоевропейская база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/> <w>wek˳-</w> <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Широко представлено в
|
|||
|
|
арийских языках как в значении <q>слово</q>, <q>говорить</q>, так и в культовом значении.
|
|||
|
|
— 1. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/> <w>vāža</w> <gloss><q>слово</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>āvāz</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ā-vačah-)</w> <gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>голос</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>звук</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>песня</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>āvāza</w> <gloss><q>слух</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>молва</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/> <w>āvāg</w></mentioned> (<name>Henning</name>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/> <biblScope>1936 VIII 584</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>āvāč</w> <gloss><q>голос</q> <note type="comment">(→ <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/> <w>avač</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>avaǰ</w></mentioned>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q>звук</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>мелодия</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/> <biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>vaxš</w> <gloss><q>parole</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>esprit</q></gloss></mentioned> (<title><name>Molé</name>. La légende de
|
|||
|
|
Zoroastre selon les textes pehlevis. Paris, 1967, стр. 150</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang/> <w>vāč-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><w>vāǰ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><w>vāž-</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="zza"><lang/> <w>vaǰ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hac"><lang/> <w>vāča-</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/> <biblScope>Abt. III, Bd. II, стр. 75, 221, Bd. IV, стр. 271</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Оранский"/> <biblScope>345</biblScope></bibl>),
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/> <w>vātin</w> <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/> <w>gwak</w> <gloss><q>голос</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Elfenbein"/> <biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><lang/> <w>vož</w></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><w>duavož</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">drauga-vāč-</w> <gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>лжец</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(сообщено <name>Л. А. Пирейко</name>), <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/> <w>vāž-</w> <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>āvaž-</w> <gloss><q>кричать</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>возглашать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>nivāž-</w> <gloss><q>напевать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>nivāγ</w> <gloss><q>мелодия</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>paδvāž-</w> <gloss><q>отвечать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>murγvāγ</w> <gloss><q>крик птицы</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>zūrvāž-</w> <gloss><q>лгать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>hamvāγ</w> <gloss><q>в один голос</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/> <biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/> <w type="rec">parwāč-</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>prw’č-</w> <gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>хулить</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/> <biblScope>1946, стр. 145</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">zandawāč-</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>zntw’č-</w> <gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>певучий</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>zntw’čh mrγ</w> <gloss><q>певчая
|
|||
|
|
птица</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<name>Henning</name>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/> <biblScope>1942 X 104</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<title><name>Gershevitch</name>, Iran and Islam, Edinburgh, 1971, стр. 291, прим.
|
|||
|
|
52</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">wāxš</w> <note type="comment">(w’γš)</note> <gloss><q>слово</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_APAW"/> <biblScope>1937, стр. 136</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/> <biblScope>274</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/> <w>wāxš</w> <gloss><q>святой</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<title><name>Герценберг</name>. Морфологическая структура слова в древних
|
|||
|
|
индоиранских языках. Л., 1972, стр. 225</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><w type="rec">wāč</w> <gloss><q>весть</q></gloss></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><w>hzwr w’č</w> <gloss><q>добрая весть</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<title><name>Henning</name>. The Choresmian documents. Asia Major, new series, vol.
|
|||
|
|
XI, part 2, стр. 176, прим. 38</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/> <w>vatcana-</w> <gloss><q>речь</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/> <biblScope>1941
|
|||
|
|
IX 3 535</biblScope></bibl>); с инфиском <c>n</c>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/> <w>bāng</w> <gloss><q>голос</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>крик</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/> <w>rāng</w> <note type="comment">(→ <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/> <w>vang</w></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>звук</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>голос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/> <w>gwānk</w> <gloss><q>голос</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>звук</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>отзвук</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><w>gwānǰag</w> <gloss><q>звать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/> <w>vaṃǰ-</w> <gloss><q>спорить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w>vyuṃǰ-</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vi-vanča-</w></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>бранить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w>pyuṃǰ-</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">pati-vanča-</w></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>отрицать</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<title><name>Gershevitch</name>, Iran and Islam, Edinburgh, 1971, стр. 279,
|
|||
|
|
280</title>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Emmerick"/> <biblScope>87, 105,
|
|||
|
|
117</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/> <w>vak-</w> <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vačah-</w> <gloss><q>речь</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>слово</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vaxša-</w> <gloss><q>слово</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/> <w>vač-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vak-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vivakti</w> <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>называть</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>призывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vačas-</w> <gloss><q>слово</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>речь</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>песня</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vāka-</w> <gloss><q>речение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>песня</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vāč-</w> <gloss><q>речь</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>зов</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>песня</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/> <w>vox</w> <gloss><q>голос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>voco</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>vocare</w> <gloss><q>звать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xto"><lang/> <w>wak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txb"><lang/> <w>wek</w> <gloss><q>голос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/> <w>ἔπος</w> <gloss><q>слово</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>речь</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>вещее слово</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>прорицание</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>изречение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>поговорка</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>весть</q> <note type="comment">(= <oRef/>)</note></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>стих</q> <note type="comment">(ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒmys" xml:lang="os"><lang/> <w>waʒimis</w></ref>)</note></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>ἔπω</w> <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hit"><lang/> <w>ẖuek-</w> <gloss><q>заклинать</q></gloss></mentioned>. — 2.
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/> <w>vaxš</w></mentioned> совмещает значения
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>слово</q></gloss> и <gloss><q>дух</q></gloss> (см. выше). Это второе,
|
|||
|
|
культовое значение выступает также в <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/> <w>vaxšūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/> <w>vaxšvar</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vaxšabara-</w></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>пророк</q></gloss>, буквально <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">носитель духа</q></gloss>, <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">одержимый духом</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>вдохновенный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>inspiratus</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>begeistert</q></gloss> <note type="comment">(скорее, чем <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">носитель слова</q>)</note></mentioned>; ср. также
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/> <w type="rec">wāxšīk</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>w’xšyk</w></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>божественный</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<title><name>Лившиц</name>, Изв. Тадж. АН 1957 XII 33</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/> <w>Vāč-</w> <gloss><q>Göttin, Herrsherin der
|
|||
|
|
Götter</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/></bibl>),<note type="footnote">В одном из гимнов Ригведы богиня <foreign>Vāč</foreign>
|
|||
|
|
говорит о себе: <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">На мне держатся Митра (и) Варуна оба, на
|
|||
|
|
мне — Индра (и) Агни, на мне — оба Ашвина... Того, кого я люблю, кто бы он ни был, я
|
|||
|
|
делаю его сильным, я делаю его <foreign>brahman</foreign>, я делаю его
|
|||
|
|
<foreign>ṛṣi</foreign>, я делаю его мудрейшим</q>
|
|||
|
|
(<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T142404+0300" comment="этого же нет в рефах?"?><title>РВ
|
|||
|
|
X 125</title><?oxy_comment_end ?>). Такая универсальность и всемогущество не
|
|||
|
|
приписываются ни одному другому божеству. На почве таких именно воззрений
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>Wac</oRef> в дохристианской религии алан стало универсальным культовым термином,
|
|||
|
|
и для того, чтобы включить в пантеон новые, христианские <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">божества</q> — св. Георгия, св. Илью и др., — их имена в обязательном порядке надо
|
|||
|
|
было снабдить эпитетом <oRef>Wac</oRef>.</note>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/> <w>ὄψ</w> <gloss><q>слово богов</q></gloss></mentioned> (<name>Гомер</name>),
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>Ὄσσα</w> <note type="comment">(←
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T142926+0300" comment="это же и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wakya-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</note> <gloss><q>,богиня
|
|||
|
|
молвы</q></gloss></mentioned>. Как культовый термин
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T143243+0300" comment="я же правильно понял, что это авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vač-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vaxša-</w></mentioned>) используется в топонимии, антропонимии и теоиимии. Древнее
|
|||
|
|
название Аму-Дарьи
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T143310+0300" comment="не понял, что за язык"?><foreign>Oxus</foreign><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
отражает <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/> <w type="rec">Vaxša</w></mentioned>, и это
|
|||
|
|
название живет поныне в <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/> <w>Vaxš</w></mentioned>.
|
|||
|
|
Наименование гения реки на кушанских монетах <mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/> <w>ΑΡΔΟΑΧϷΟ</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Ardvī-vaxša</w></mentioned> (<title>Schaeder Iranica. Gottingen, 1934, стр. 75
|
|||
|
|
сл.</title>) представляет точную аналогию осетинским названиям божеств типа <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w></ref>, только с обратным порядком
|
|||
|
|
компонентов. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/> <w>Τιριβαζος</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Tiri-vač</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>Φαρναβαζος</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Farna-vač</w></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/> <w>farny
|
|||
|
|
wac</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>Ἀρταβαζος</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Arta-vač</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/> <w>Ἀρταβαζανης</w> <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Arta-vačana</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/> <w>Saŋhavāč-</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>Arənavāč-</w></mentioned> женские имена, <mentioned xml:lang="xln"><lang/> <note type="comment">(в китайской передаче)</note> <w>Юй-ва-ши</w></mentioned> (<title>Христ.
|
|||
|
|
Восток II 3 293</title>) = <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T144655+0300" comment="это иранское?"?><w type="rec">hu-vāč-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?><gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">доброслов</q></gloss></mentioned>? Ряд сарматских имен также заключают,
|
|||
|
|
по-видимому,
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T144738+0300" comment="это иранское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>vāč</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/> <biblScope>185–186</biblScope></bibl>). Из приведенных данных
|
|||
|
|
видно, что религиозная семантика, ясно выступающая в <oRef/> и в некоторых других иранских
|
|||
|
|
фактах, была общеиндоевропейской. По поводу <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/> <w>vox</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<name>Ernout</name> замечает: <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">…
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T145303+0300" comment="нужно ли здесь и далее в этой цитате вместо foreign сделать mentioned?"?><foreign>uōx</foreign><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
indiquela <q>voix</q> telle que l’entend un moderns tandis que le mot indo-européen
|
|||
|
|
designait une force ayant une valeur religieuse, encore bien sensible dans le
|
|||
|
|
<foreign>vāk-</foreign> vedique, et mème dans les emplois homériques de
|
|||
|
|
<foreign>ὄπα</foreign> (à l’accusatif) et du dérivé <foreign>ὄσσα</foreign></q>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/> <biblScope>IX</biblScope></bibl>). (Об арийском <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>vāč-</w></mentioned> см. еще: <title><name>Gnoli</name>. <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Vāc</q>. Revista degli Studi Orientali 1959 XXXIV 55—75,
|
|||
|
|
163—182, 1960 XXXV 63-83, 1965 XL 215—245</title>). Представления о слове как
|
|||
|
|
магической, <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">божественной</q> силе восходят к глубокой
|
|||
|
|
древности и были широко распространены среди первобытных народов (ср., например:
|
|||
|
|
<title><name>Леви-Брюль</name>. Первобытное мышление. М., 1930, стр. 91—93</title>).
|
|||
|
|
Своеобразным ренессансом этих древних воззрений были позднеантичные гностические учения о
|
|||
|
|
Логосе, отраженные, в частности, и в Евангелии: <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">В начале было
|
|||
|
|
Слово, и Слово было у Бога, и Слово было Бог</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/> <biblScope>1 1</biblScope></bibl>). — В дериватах и сложных
|
|||
|
|
словах
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230609T115655+0300" comment="здесь в тексте есть "ос.""?><oRef/><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
выявляет широкий спектр значений, повторяя во многом семантику <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/> <w>ἔπος</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>λὸγος</w></mentioned>:
|
|||
|
|
<q>слово</q>, <q>речь</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_waiʒæf"><w>waiʒæf</w></ref>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wajsadyn"><w>wajsadyn</w></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">waʒ-ʒæf</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">waʒ-sadyn</w></mentioned>), <q>весть</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wacq0yd"><w>wacq˳yd</w></ref>), <q>молва</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wacaxæssæn"><w>wacaxæssæn</w></ref>), <q>поговорка</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒæn"><w>waʒæn</w></ref>), <q>поэтическое слово</q>, <q>стих</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒmys"><w>waʒmys</w></ref>), <q>божество</q>,
|
|||
|
|
<q>божественный</q>, <q>святой</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w>‘</ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"><w>Wastyrǵi</w></ref>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_8Wacæfarnæ"><w type="rec">Wacæfarnæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacamongæ"><w>Wacamongæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacyrūxs"><w>Wacyrūxs</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Waʒæftawæ"><w>Waʒæftawæ</w></ref>), — см. эти слова. Из осетинского идет, возможно, <mentioned xml:lang="bbl"><lang/> <w>Vac</w> <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">название забытого
|
|||
|
|
божества</q></gloss></mentioned> (<title><name>Генко</name>, ЗКВ V
|
|||
|
|
721–722</title>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/> <biblScope>72,
|
|||
|
|
185–186, 206</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><name>Gershevitch</name>. <title>Word and
|
|||
|
|
Spirit in Ossetic</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/> <biblScope>1955 XVII
|
|||
|
|
3 478—489</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/> <biblScope>133–137</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<title><name>Абаев</name>. Дохристианская религия алан. M., 1960, стр. 14</title>. —
|
|||
|
|
<title><name>Dumézil</name>. A propos de quelques representations folkloriques des
|
|||
|
|
ossètes. Festschrift Lommel. <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Paideuma</q>, Wiesbaden, Band
|
|||
|
|
VII, Juli 1960, Heft 4/6, стр. 222—224</title>. — <bibl><name>Bailey</name>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/> <biblScope>1960, стр. 72–74</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
(допускает, что в <oRef/> совпали два слова: 1. <oRef/> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāčya-</w> <gloss><q>весть</q></gloss></mentioned> и 2. <oRef/> из
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāθya-</w> <gloss><q>сильный</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāč-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāčah-</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāčya-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vāxša-</w></mentioned>), the Indo-European root being
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wek˳-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speak</q></gloss></mentioned>. Widespread in the Aryan language, both in the
|
|||
|
|
meanings <q>word</q>, <q>speak</q> and its cult meaning. — 1. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāža</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>word</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>āvāz</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ā-vačah-)</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>voice</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sound</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>song</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>āvāza</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rumour</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fame</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>āvāg</w></mentioned> (<name>Henning</name>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1936 VIII 584</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>āvāč</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>voice</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(→ <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>avač</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>avaǰ</w></mentioned>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q>sound</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>melody</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>vaxš</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>parole</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>esprit</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<title><name>Molé</name>. La légende de Zoroastre selon les textes pehlevis. Paris,
|
|||
|
|
1967, p. 150</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāč-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><w>vāǰ-</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><w>vāž-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vaǰ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hac"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāča-</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>Abt. III, Bd. II, p. 75, 221, Bd. IV, p. 271</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Оранский"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>345</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vātin</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gwak</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>voice</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Elfenbein"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vož</w></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><w>duavož</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">drauga-vāč-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>liar</q></gloss></mentioned> (<name>L. A. Pireiko</name> p. c.), <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāž-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>āvaž-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>scream</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>pronounce</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>nivāž-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sing</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>nivāγ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>melody</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>paδvāž-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>answer</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>murγvāγ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bird cry</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>zūrvāž-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>lie</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>hamvāγ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>unanimously</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">parwāč-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>prw’č-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>blaspheme</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1946, p. 145</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">zandawāč-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>zntw’č-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q/></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>melodious</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>zntw’čh
|
|||
|
|
mrγ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>singing bird</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1942 X 104</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<title>Iran and Islam</title>, <pubPlace>Edinburgh</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>p. 291, footnote 52</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">wāxš</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(w’γš)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>word</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_APAW"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1937, p. 136</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>274</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wāxš</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>saint</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Herzenberg</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Morfologicheskaya struktura slova v drevnix indoiranskix yazykax</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Leningrad</pubPlace>, <date>1972</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
|||
|
|
225</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><w type="rec">wāč</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>news</q></gloss></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><w>hzwr w’č</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>good news</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>. <title>The
|
|||
|
|
Choresmian documents</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230702T163841+0600" comment="не уверен, где здесь начинается именно biblScope"?><biblScope>Asia
|
|||
|
|
Major, new series, vol. XI, part 2, p. 176, footnote
|
|||
|
|
38</biblScope><?oxy_comment_end ?></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vatcana-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speech</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1941 IX 3 535</biblScope></bibl>); <c>n</c>-infixation: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>bāng</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>voice</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>cry</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>rāng</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(→ <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vang</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sound</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>voice</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gwānk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>voice</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sound</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>echo</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><w>gwānǰag</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>call</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vaṃǰ-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>argue</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w>vyuṃǰ-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vi-vanča-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>scold</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><w>pyuṃǰ-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">pati-vanča-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>deny</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <title>Iran
|
|||
|
|
and Islam</title>, <pubPlace>Edinburgh</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>, <biblScope>o.
|
|||
|
|
279, 280</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Emmerick"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>87, 105, 117</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vak-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vačah-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speech</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>word</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vaxša-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>word</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vač-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vak-</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vivakti</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speak</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>call</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>summon</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vačas-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>word</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>speech</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>song</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vāka-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>saying</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>song</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vāč-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speech</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>call</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>song</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vox</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>voice</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>voco</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>vocare</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>call</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xto"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txb"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wek</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>voice</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἔπος</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>word</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>speech</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>prophecy</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>divination</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>saying</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>proverb</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>news</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(= <oRef/>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q>poem</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒmys" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>waʒimis</w></ref>)</note></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>ἔπω</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>speak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hit"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ẖuek-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>conjure</q></gloss></mentioned>. — 2. <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vaxš</w></mentioned> is used both as <gloss><q>word</q></gloss> and
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>spirit</q></gloss> (see above). This second, cult meaning is also present in
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vaxšūr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vaxšvar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vaxšabara-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>prophet</q></gloss>, literally <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">bearer of
|
|||
|
|
the spirit</q></gloss>, <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">possessed by the
|
|||
|
|
spirit</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>inspired</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>inspiratus</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>begeistert</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(more likely than <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">bearer of the
|
|||
|
|
word</q>)</note></mentioned>; cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">wāxšīk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>w’xšyk</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>divine</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Livschitz</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<title>Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan</title>. <biblScope>1957
|
|||
|
|
XII 33</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Vāč-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>Göttin, Herrsherin der Götter</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/></bibl>),<note type="footnote">In one of the hymns of Rigveda
|
|||
|
|
the goddess <foreign>Vāč</foreign> speaks about herself in this way: <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">I hold aloft both Varuna and Mitra, Indra and Agni, and the
|
|||
|
|
Pair of Asvins.... I make the man I love exceeding mighty, make him a sage, a
|
|||
|
|
<foreign>ṛṣi</foreign>, and a <foreign>brahman</foreign></q>
|
|||
|
|
(<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T142404+0300" comment="этого же нет в рефах?"?><title>РВ
|
|||
|
|
X 125</title><?oxy_comment_end ?>). No other deity is described as such a universal and
|
|||
|
|
almighty being. It is exactly such views that gave rise to <oRef>Wac</oRef> as a
|
|||
|
|
universal cult term in the Pre-Christian religion of the Alans. <oRef>Wac</oRef> was
|
|||
|
|
always used to include new, Christian <q>deities</q> (Saint Geroge, Saint Elijah and
|
|||
|
|
others) into the existing pantheon.</note>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ὄψ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>the word of gods</q></gloss></mentioned> (<name>Гомер</name>), <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>Ὄσσα</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(←
|
|||
|
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<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T142926+0300" comment="это же и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wakya-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</note>
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<gloss><q>the goddess of prayer</q></gloss></mentioned>. As a cult term
|
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<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T143243+0300" comment="я же правильно понял, что это авестийское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vač-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vaxša-</w></mentioned>) is used in toponymy, anthroponymics and theonymy. The
|
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historical name of the Amu Darya river, namely <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>Oxus</w></mentioned>, reflects the form <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
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<w type="rec">Vaxša</w></mentioned>. This name lives up to this day as <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
|
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<w>Vaxš</w></mentioned>. The name of the river genius on the Kushan coins, viz.
|
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<mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/>
|
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<w>ΑΡΔΟΑΧϷΟ</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Ardvī-vaxša</w></mentioned> (<title>Schaeder Iranica. Gottingen, 1934, стр. 75
|
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сл.</title>), is a perfect analogy for Ossetic deity names, such as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w></ref>, but with a reverse order of the compound
|
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components. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
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<w>Τιριβαζος</w>
|
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Tiri-vač</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>Φαρναβαζος</w>
|
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Farna-vač</w></mentioned>,
|
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cf. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
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<w>farny wac</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>Ἀρταβαζος</w>
|
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Arta-vač</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
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<w>Ἀρταβαζανης</w>
|
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">Arta-vačana</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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<note type="comment">female names</note>
|
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<w>Saŋhavāč-</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>Arənavāč-</w></mentioned>,
|
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<mentioned xml:lang="xln"><lang/>
|
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<note type="comment">(transliterated in Chinese as)</note>
|
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<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230702T170540+0600" comment="надо траслитерировать латиницей?"?><w>Yu-wa-shi</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>
|
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|
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(<bibl><title>Xrist. Vostok</title> [Christian Orient] <biblScope>II 3
|
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|
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293</biblScope></bibl>) = <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T144655+0300" comment="это иранское?"?><w type="rec">hu-vāč-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?><gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">he who
|
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speaks good words</q></gloss></mentioned>? A number of Sarmatian names also seem to
|
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|
contain
|
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|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T144738+0300" comment="это иранское?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>vāč</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
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|
<biblScope>185–186</biblScope></bibl>). The above data show that the religious
|
|||
|
|
semantics, clearly present in <oRef/> and some Iranic cognates, was in fact common
|
|||
|
|
Indo-European. Concerning the <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
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<w>vox</w></mentioned>
|
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|
<name>Ernout</name> noticies: <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">…
|
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|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230601T145303+0300" comment="нужно ли здесь и далее в этой цитате вместо foreign сделать mentioned?"?><foreign>uōx</foreign><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
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indiquela <q>voix</q> telle que l’entend un moderns tandis que le mot indo-européen
|
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designait une force ayant une valeur religieuse, encore bien sensible dans le
|
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|
<foreign>vāk-</foreign> vedique, et mème dans les emplois homériques de
|
|||
|
|
<foreign>ὄπα</foreign> (à l’accusatif) et du dérivé <foreign>ὄσσα</foreign></q>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IX</biblScope></bibl>). (About the Aryan <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>vāč-</w></mentioned> see also: <bibl><author>Gnoli</author>. <title><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Vāc</q>. Revista degli Studi Orientali</title>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1959 XXXIV 55—75, 163—182, 1960 XXXV 63-83, 1965 XL
|
|||
|
|
215—245</biblScope></bibl>). The idea of the word as a magical and <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">divine</q> force is ancient and was widespread among the
|
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|
|
primeval peoples (cf., e. g.: <bibl><author>Lévi-Bruhl</author>. <title>Pervobytnoe
|
|||
|
|
myshlenie</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1930</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
|||
|
|
91—93</biblScope></bibl>). A kind of a renaissance of this ancient worldview were the
|
|||
|
|
late antique gnostic teachings of Logos, reflected, in particular, in the gospels: <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and
|
|||
|
|
the Word was God.</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1 1</biblScope></bibl>). — In derivatives and compounds
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230609T115655+0300" comment="здесь в тексте есть "ос.""?><oRef/><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
exhibits a wide variety of meanings, largely repeating the spectre of meaning of the
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἔπος</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>λὸγος</w></mentioned>:
|
|||
|
|
<q>word</q>, <q>speech</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_waiʒæf"><w>waiʒæf</w></ref>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wajsadyn"><w>wajsadyn</w></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">waʒ-ʒæf</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">waʒ-sadyn</w></mentioned>), <q>news</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wacq0yd"><w>wacq˳yd</w></ref>), <q>fame</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wacaxæssæn"><w>wacaxæssæn</w></ref>), <q>proverb</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒæn"><w>waʒæn</w></ref>), <q>poetic word</q>, <q>poem</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒmys"><w>waʒmys</w></ref>), <q>deity</q>, <q>divine</q>,
|
|||
|
|
<q>saint</q> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"><w>Wacilla</w>‘</ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"><w>Wastyrǵi</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8Wacæfarnæ"><w type="rec">Wacæfarnæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacamongæ"><w>Wacamongæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacyrūxs"><w>Wacyrūxs</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Waʒæftawæ"><w>Waʒæftawæ</w></ref>), — see those words. <mentioned xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Vac</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">name of a forgotten deity</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
might have an Ossetic orgin (<bibl><author>Genko</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>V 721–722</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>72, 185–186, 206</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><name>Gershevitch</name>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Word and Spirit in Ossetic</title>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1955 XVII 3 478—489</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>133–137</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Abaev</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Doxristianskaya religiya alan</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p. 14</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Dumézil</author>. <title>A propos de quelques representations
|
|||
|
|
folkloriques des ossètes. Festschrift Lommel. <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Paideuma</q></title>, <pubPlace>Wiesbaden</pubPlace>, <biblScope>Band VII, Juli
|
|||
|
|
1960, Heft 4/6, pp. 222—224</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><name>Bailey</name>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1960, pp. 72–74</biblScope></bibl> (assumes that two words might have
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230702T172347+0600" comment="не знаю, используется ли английское coincide в таком значении"?>coincided<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
in <oRef/>: 1. <oRef/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāčya-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>news</q></gloss></mentioned> and 2. <oRef/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāθya-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>strong</q></gloss></mentioned>).</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|