184 lines
15 KiB
XML
184 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒæbīdyr</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ʒæbīdyr" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d2854e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ʒæbīdyr</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2854e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ʒæbodur</orth><form xml:id="form_d2854e71" type="variant"><orth>ʒæbedur</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2854e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d2854e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тур горный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>West Caucasian mountain goat (tur)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2854e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Capra caucasica</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Capra caucasica</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2854e94"><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also</note><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>рог тура</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">, употребляемый вместо
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бокала</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">, used instead of a
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glass</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tur horn</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">, употребляемый вместо
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бокала</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">, used instead of a
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glass</note></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d2854e120">
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<form xml:id="form_d2854e122" type="lemma"><orth>ʒæbīdyrʒwan</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2854e125"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>охота на туров</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>hunting for turs</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2854e137">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2854e139">
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<quote>ʒæbīdyrtæ xoxy fīdærttæm yssydysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>туры поднялись на горные твердыни</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>turs climbed mountain strongholds</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>126</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2854e158">
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<quote>ʒæbīdyry sænykk cʼītījyl bazzadi</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>козленок тура остался на глетчере</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the kid of the tur stayed on the glacier</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из песни</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from a song</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2854e179">
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<quote>ʒæbodurtæ cid sæ tækkæ siwtæj nijjaxæssidæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>туров он ловил прямо за рога</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he caught turs right by the horns</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2854e198">
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<quote>mæ fyd īw k˳yrīgaj ʒæbīdyrʒwan cyd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мой отец по неделям ходил на охоту за турами</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>my father went on tur hunting for weeks</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2854e217" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>mæ bakonkommæ xonsari ʒæbedur iscæjwadæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>против меня по южному склону подымался тур</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in front of me a tur was climbing up the south slope</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>II 53</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2854e240">
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<quote>k˳ynnæ jyn badardtaid… saw bægænyjy ʒæbīdyrtæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>как мог он не угостить его черным пивом из турьего рога</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>how could he not give him some black beer from the tur horn</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/><biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2854e259">
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<quote>banwæztoj fæinæ ʒæbīdyry</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>выпили по турьему рогу</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they drank a tur horn of something</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>214</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Перебой из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒæǧo-dur</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯuǧu-tur</hi>-, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e367" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e281" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>ǯuǧutur</w>
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<gloss><q>тур горный</q></gloss></mentioned>. Слово делится на две части, из
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коих первая (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯuǧu ← *ǯixu-</hi>) сближается с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e375" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e289" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>ǯixv-i</w>
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<gloss><q>тур горный</q></gloss></mentioned>, вторая (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tur</hi>) с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e383" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e297" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">туръ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e388" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e303" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>тур</w>
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<gloss><q>дикий бык</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e396" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e311" xml:lang="ru"><w/>
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<gloss><q>зубр</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e403" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e318" xml:lang="ru"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в современном языке также</note>
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<gloss><q>горный тур</q></gloss></mentioned>. Славянское слово имеет
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индоевропейские соответствия: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e411" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e326" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ταϋροζ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e416" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e331" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>taurus</w>
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<gloss><q>бык</q></gloss></mentioned> и др. (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/><biblScope>II 261</biblScope></bibl>). Сложение
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двух слов, кавказского и индоевропейского, произошло, по-видимому, на аланской
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почве, откуда отложилось в балкарском, а в осетинском дало перебой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯuǧu-</hi> →
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒæbo</hi>- (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e428" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e343" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>belgili</w></mentioned> → ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bælvyrd"/>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e436" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e351" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>чугун</w></mentioned> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ciwan"/>). Перенос
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на горного тура, относящегося к породе коз, названия дикого быка (тур)
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объясняется крупными размерами первого. Грузинский лексикограф Саба Сулхан
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Орбелиани под словом <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯixvi</hi> сообщает: „самец зовется быком из-за величины
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рогов, хотя он — дикий козел“. Другое специфически горное животное, серна, также
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имеет в осетинском кавказское название; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syḱʼī"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">A variant of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒæǧo-dur</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯuǧu-tur</hi>-, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e281" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e367" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>ǯuǧutur</w>
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<gloss><q>Capra caucasica</q></gloss></mentioned>. The word has two parts,
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the first one (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯuǧu ← *ǯixu-</hi>) refers to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e289" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e375" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>ǯixv-i</w>
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<gloss><q>Capra caucasica</q></gloss></mentioned>, the second one (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tur</hi>)
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refers to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e297" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e383" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>turъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e303" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e388" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>tur</w>
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<gloss><q>aurochs</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e311" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e396" xml:lang="ru"><w/>
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<gloss><q>bison</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e318" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e403" xml:lang="ru"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">in modern language also</note>
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<gloss><q>Capra caucasica</q></gloss></mentioned>. The Slavic word has
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Indo-European correspondences: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e326" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e411" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ταϋροζ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e331" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e416" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>taurus</w>
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<gloss><q>bull</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/><biblScope>II 261</biblScope></bibl>). The
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composition of two words, Caucasian and Indo-European, apparently occurred in
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Alan from where it was borrowed in Balkar and in Ossetic gave <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯuǧu-</hi> →
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒæbo</hi>- (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e343" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e428" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>belgili</w></mentioned> → Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bælvyrd"/>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2854e351" xml:id="mentioned_d2854e436" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>čugun</w></mentioned> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ciwan"/>). The the
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transfer of the name of wild bull (tur) to Capra caucasica that belongs to goats
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is explained by the large size of the former. The Georgian lexicographer Saba
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Sulkhan Orbeliani under the word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯixvi</hi> says: “the male is called a bull
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because of the size of its horns, althogh it is a wild goat”. Another specific
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mountain animal, the chamois, also has a Caucasian name in Ossetic; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syḱʼī"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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