188 lines
20 KiB
XML
188 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dūcyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_dūcyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5023e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>dūcyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5023e68" type="participle"><orth>dyǧd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5023e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>docun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5023e73" type="participle"><orth>duǧd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5023e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>доить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>milk</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d5023e86">
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<form xml:id="form_d5023e88" type="lemma"><orth>sændūcæny mæj</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5023e91"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>октябрь</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>October</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>213</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5023e109">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5023e111">
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<quote>binontæj ḱī qūccytæ dūcynmæ acyd, ḱī fosæn xollag æværdta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>из членов семьи кто пошел доить коров, кто накладывал корм скоту</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>someone of the family went to milk the cows, someone fed the
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cattle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>79</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5023e130">
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<quote>Wyryzmæg bīræǧy ærdyǧta, æmæ k˳y fæci dyǧd, wæd æj awaǧtoj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Урузмаг выдоил волчицу, и когда кончил доить, ее отпустили</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Uruzmag milked the she-wolf, and when he finished milking, it was
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released</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5023e149" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>nekæd zudta docgæ ǧog</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он никогда не знал (т. е. не имел) дойной коровы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he never knew (i.e. did not have) a milch cow</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5023e171">
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<quote>sæn dūcyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>давить виноград („доить вино“)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>press grapes (“milk wine”)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Как и другие термины, связанные со скотоводством, относится к
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иранскому слою (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e363" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e194" xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>dūč-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e368" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e199" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>δūǰ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e373" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e204" xml:lang="sgh-x-oroshori"><lang/>
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<w>δūz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e378" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e209" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>dauz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e384" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e215" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>δic-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e389" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e220" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>lūz-:lūǧd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e394" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e225" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>dēš-</w></mentioned>, прош. причастие <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e399" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e230" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>dəɣδ</w></mentioned> = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e404" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e235" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dyǧd</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>391</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e414" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e245" xml:lang="sgh-x-oroshori"><lang/>
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<w>düs-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e419" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e250" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>lwaš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e424" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e255" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>dōšaɣ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e429" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e260" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>dōšīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e434" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e265" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dōxtan : dōh-:</w>
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<gloss><q>доить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e442" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e273" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dōǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>кислое молоко</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e451" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e282" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dōxtan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e456" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e287" xml:lang="pal"><w>dōšitan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e459" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e290" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>dŏh-</w>
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<gloss><q>доить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e467" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e298" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>dogdhi</w>
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<gloss><q>доит</q></gloss></mentioned>. Конечные согласные основы настоящего
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времени дают в иранских языках большой разнобой: -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">j</hi>, -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">z</hi>(← -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯ</hi>,
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-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ž</hi>),. -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">š</hi>(← -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">xš</hi>), -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">c</hi>(← -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">č</hi>). Особенно трудно, исходя из
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e478" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e304" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>duh-</w></mentioned>, объяснить формы типа <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e473" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e309" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>duc-</w></mentioned>.<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE
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</note>Встает вопрос, не существовала ли на древнеиранской почве, наряду с
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">daug</hi>-, *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dauj</hi>-, параллельная диалектальная форма *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dauk</hi>-, *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dauč</hi>-?
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Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_doǧ"/> ‘молоко одного удоя’. Славянское
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e489" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e320" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w n="0">дъждь (дождь)</w></mentioned>, не имеющее удовлетворительной этимологии,
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родственно, по-видимому, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e494" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e326" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*duž-</w>
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<gloss><q>доить</q></gloss></mentioned> и связано с мифологическими
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представлениями о дожде как „молоке“ небесных „коров“.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 77, III
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13</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>61, 28</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope>XVII
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479</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Like other terms associated with cattle breeding, it refers to
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the Iranian group of words (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e194" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e363" xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>dūč-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e199" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e368" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>δūǰ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e204" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e373" xml:lang="sgh-x-oroshori"><lang/>
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<w>δūz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e209" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e378" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>dauz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e215" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e384" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>δic-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e220" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e389" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>lūz-:lūǧd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e225" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e394" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>dēš-</w></mentioned>, past participle <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e230" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e399" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>dəɣδ</w></mentioned> = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e235" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e404" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dyǧd</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>391</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e245" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e414" xml:lang="sgh-x-oroshori"><lang/>
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<w>düs-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e250" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e419" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>lwaš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e255" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e424" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>dōšaɣ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e260" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e429" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>dōšīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e265" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e434" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dōxtan : dōh-:</w>
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<gloss><q>milk</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e273" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e442" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>dōǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>soured milk</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e282" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e451" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>dōxtan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e287" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e456" xml:lang="pal"><w>dōšitan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e290" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e459" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>dŏh-</w>
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<gloss><q>milk</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e298" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e467" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>dogdhi</w>
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<gloss><q>(s)he milks</q></gloss></mentioned>. Final consonants of the
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present tense stem are quite various: -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">j</hi>, -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">z</hi>(← -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǯ</hi>, -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ž</hi>),.
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-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">š</hi>(← -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">xš</hi>), -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">c</hi>(← -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">č</hi>). It is especially hard to explain such forms
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as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e309" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e473" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>duc-</w></mentioned> based on <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e304" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e478" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>duh-</w></mentioned>. <note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE
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</note>There arises the question whether a parallel dialectal form *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dauk</hi>-,
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dauč</hi>- existed in Old Iranian along with * <hi rendition="#rend_italic">daug</hi>-, *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dauj</hi>-,? Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_doǧ"/> ‘milk from one milk yield’. Slavic
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e320" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e489" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>dъždь (doždь)</w></mentioned> which does not have a suitable etymology,
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probably relates to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5023e326" xml:id="mentioned_d5023e494" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>*duž-</w>
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<gloss><q>milk</q></gloss></mentioned> and is associated with mythological
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ideas about rain as the “milk” of heavenly “cows”.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 77, III
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13</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>61, 28</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope>XVII
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479</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">“…ich kann die versehiedenen arischen
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Praesentia (skr. praesensst. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dōgh</hi>, np. kurd. bal. afgh. *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dōš</hi>, ossetc.,
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Pamir-dial. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dōč</hi>?) lautgesetzlich mit einander nicht in Einklang bringen“
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>). — „The *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">č</hi> in Wkh <hi rendition="#rend_italic">δīc</hi>- Par.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dūč</hi>-, W. Oss. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">docun</hi> etc. is strange“ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>).
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/></bibl>, допуская, что
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ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">с</hi> восходит в некоторых случаях к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xš</hi>, возводит <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dūc</hi>- к *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">duxš</hi>-,
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как <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wac</hi> к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">waxš</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyc</hi>- к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">paxš</hi>-</note>
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">“…ich kann die versehiedenen arischen
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Praesentia (skr. praesensst. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dōgh</hi>, np. kurd. bal. afgh. *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dōš</hi>, ossetc.,
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Pamir-dial. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dōč</hi>?) lautgesetzlich mit einander nicht in Einklang bringen“
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>). — „The *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">č</hi> in Wkh <hi rendition="#rend_italic">δīc</hi>- Par.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dūč</hi>-, W. Oss. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">docun</hi> etc. is strange“ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>).
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/></bibl> traces
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">dūc</hi>- back to *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">duxš</hi>-, like <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wac</hi> to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">waxš</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyc</hi>- to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">paxš</hi>-,
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assuming that <hi rendition="#rend_italic">с</hi> sometimes traces back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xš</hi>.</note>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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