180 lines
15 KiB
XML
180 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dūr</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_dūr" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1269e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>dūr</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1269e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>dor</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1269e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>камень</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stone</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1269e82">
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<form xml:id="form_d1269e84" type="lemma"><orth>dūrǵyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1269e87"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>каменистый</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stony</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1269e98">
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<form xml:id="form_d1269e100" type="lemma"><orth>kærdgæ dūr</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1269e103"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тесаный камень</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>broad stone</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1269e115">
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<form xml:id="form_d1269e117" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kʼæjdūr</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1269e120" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kʼæjdor</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1269e123"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>плитняк</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>flagstone</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1269e134">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1269e136">
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<quote>dūryl aværdta jæ kʼæxtæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он стал ногами на камень</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he stood on the stone with his feet</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>79</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1269e155" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>doræj xwærzigurd Soslan</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>из камня славнорожденный Сослан</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Soslan glorious made of stone</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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10</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1269e177" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>zægændor</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">эхо</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">echo</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1269e201" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Murat alkæddær isarazidæ cʼewtæbæl doraʒaǧd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Мурат каждый раз швырял в птиц камнями („устраивал
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камнепобивание“)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Murat threw stones at the birds every time (“made a
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stone-beating”)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>II 12</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1269e223" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>dor ævzalu kʼaxæn Donbassi</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>каменный уголь мы копаем в Донбассе</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>we dig mineral coal in Donbass</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/><biblScope>V 81</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">По всей видимости — старое отложение из кавказских языков,
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родственное <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e338" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e248" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tʼali</w>
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<gloss><q>кремень</q></gloss></mentioned>. В соответствие <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e346" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e256" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tʼali</w></mentioned> мы должны иметь закономерно в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e351" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e261" xml:lang="xmf" extralang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>*tʼor</w></mentioned>, что, с озвончением начального <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼ</hi>, и дало
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e356" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e266" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dor</w></mentioned>. В современном мегрело-чанском слово *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼоr</hi> не
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засвидетельствовано, но <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e361" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e271" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tʼal-</w></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e367" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e277" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dor</w></mentioned> дают право на его восстановление. Ср. другие
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„мегрелизмы“ в осетинском: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼe"/> ‘серна’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼela"/> ‘скамья’. Старая форма *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼūr</hi> |
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼor</hi> отложилась, возможно, в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæltʼūr"/>
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‘камень очага’, буквально „нижний камень“. Из других кавказских языков сюда же
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относится <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e378" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e288" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>tʼul-g</w>
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<gloss><q>камень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e386" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e296" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>tʼol-g</w>
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<gloss><q>камешек</q></gloss></mentioned>. Слово <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dor</hi> нередко встречается
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в топонимике прежних поселений осетин-алан на запад от нынешней Осетии по
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ущельям Черека, Чегема, Баксана, верхней Кубани: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Saw-dor</hi> „Черный камень“,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Urus-tor</hi>(=<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Ors-dor</hi>) „Белый камень“, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Orus-ut-dor</hi>(=<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Orsæt-dor</hi>)
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„Белый кремень“, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Arvə-dor</hi> „Небесный камень“, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gagi-dor</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Getan-dor</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Sag-dor</hi> „Олений камень“, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Stur-dor</hi> „Большой камень“, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gil-dor</hi>
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„penis-lapis“. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e395" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e305" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(из ос.) </note><w>dor-bun</w>
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<gloss><q>пещера</q></gloss></mentioned>. Из осетинского идет <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e405" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e315" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>dorlasən</w>
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<gloss><q>волокушка для камней</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor"/> ‘кремень’.%n<bibl><author>Марр</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">1927, стр. 438
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сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>323—330</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It is apparently an old Caucasian word related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e248" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e338" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tʼali</w>
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<gloss><q>flint</q></gloss></mentioned>. According to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e256" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e346" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tʼali</w></mentioned> we should regularly have <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e261" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e351" xml:lang="xmf" extralang="lzz"><lang/>
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<w>*tʼor</w></mentioned>, which gave <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e266" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e356" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dor</w></mentioned> with a voiced initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼ</hi>. The word *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼоr</hi> is
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not attested in modern Mingrelian-Laz but <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e271" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e361" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>tʼal-</w></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e277" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e367" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>dor</w></mentioned> enable its reconstruction. Cf. other “Mingrelisms” in
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Ossetic: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼe"/> ‘chamois’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼela"/> ‘bank’. An old form *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼūr</hi> | *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼor</hi> is
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probably found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæltʼūr"/> ‘hearth stone’,
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literally “lower stone”. The following Caucasian words also refer here:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e288" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e378" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>tʼul-g</w>
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<gloss><q>stone</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e296" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e386" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>tʼol-g</w>
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<gloss><q>little stone</q></gloss></mentioned>. The word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dor</hi> is often
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found in he toponymy of the former Ossetic-Alan settlements situated to the West
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of modern Ossetia of along the gorges of Cherek, Chegem, Baksan, upper Kuban:
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Saw-dor</hi> “Black stone”, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Urus-tor</hi>(=<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Ors-dor</hi>) “White stone”,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Orus-ut-dor</hi>(=<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Orsæt-dor</hi>) „White flint”, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Arvə-dor</hi> “Celestial stone”,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gagi-dor</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Getan-dor</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Sag-dor</hi> “Deer stone”, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Stur-dor</hi> “Big stone”,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gil-dor</hi> „penis-lapis“. See also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e305" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e395" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from Ossetic) </note><w>dor-bun</w>
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<gloss><q>cave</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1269e315" xml:id="mentioned_d1269e405" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>dorlasən</w>
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<gloss><q>stone drag</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor"/> ‘flint’.%n<bibl><author>Марр</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">1927, p. 438
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ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>323—330</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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