185 lines
13 KiB
XML
185 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæltæryn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fæltæryn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5254e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fæltæryn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5254e68" type="participle"><orth>fæltærd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5254e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fæltærun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5254e73" type="participle"><orth>fæltærd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e76">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e77">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>испытывать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>experience</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e86">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>осваиваться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>come to feel at home</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e95">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>закаляться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>harden oneself</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d5254e105">
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<form xml:id="form_d5254e107" type="lemma"><orth>fæltæræn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e110">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e111">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>испытание</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>test</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e120">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>опыт</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>experience</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e129">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>закалка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>hardening</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5254e140">
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<form xml:id="form_d5254e142" type="lemma"><orth>fæltærd</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e145">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e146">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>испытанный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tested</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e155">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>бывалый</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>worldly-wise</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5254e164">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>опытный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>experienced</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5254e176">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5254e178">
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<quote>fonʒ cædy galtæ balxædton æmæ sæ fæltærynmæ cæwyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я купил пять пар волов и иду испытать их</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">14</hi> 19</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5254e197" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ixæs… ne ʽsænxæstbæl fæltæræntæ kænuj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он делает попытки не выполнить своего обязательства</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he attempts to defy his obligation</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>286<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5254e219">
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<quote>fydæbætty sfæltærdta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в невзгодах он закалился</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he hardened because of hardship</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e289" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e237" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*pari-tar-</w></mentioned>; сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæl-</hi> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pari</hi>)
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с основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tar-</hi>, наличной в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"><w>tæryn</w>
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<gloss><q>гнать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>перегонять</q></gloss></ref> и пр.
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Хотя значения ‘гнать’ и ‘испытывать’ кажутся весьма далекими друг от друга,
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однако в семантике древнеарийского <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tar-</hi> были
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налицо все предпосылки для развития обоих значений; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e296" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e244" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>tar-</w>
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<gloss><q>переправляться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e304" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e252" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>переходить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e310" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e258" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>пережить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Отсюда, с одной стороны,
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‘перегонять’ (oc. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"/>), с другой —
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‘пережить’, ‘испытать’ (ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæl-tæryn</hi>). См.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"/>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæltær"/>. Иначе Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 333</biblScope></bibl>): к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ter-</hi> ‘тереть’ (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e328" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e276" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>τείρω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e333" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e281" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>tero</w></mentioned> и пр.).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e237" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e289" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*pari-tar-</w></mentioned>; the contraction of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæl-</hi> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pari</hi>)
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with the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tar-</hi>, which is present in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"><w>tæryn</w>
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<gloss><q>turn out</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>drive</q></gloss></ref> etc.
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Although the meanings ‘drive’ and ‘experience’ seem rather far from each other,
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in the semantics of the Old Aryan verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tar-</hi>
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there were present all prerequisites for the development of both meanings; cf.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e244" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e296" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>tar-</w>
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<gloss><q>cross</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e252" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e304" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>move across</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e258" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e310" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>live through</q></gloss></mentioned>. On the one hand, the meaning
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‘drive’ is from it (Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"/>), on the
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other hand, the meaning ‘live through’, ‘experience’ is from it (Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæl-tæryn</hi>). See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæryn_1"/>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæltær"/>.
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Another etymology is suggested by Ws. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Miller</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 333</biblScope></bibl>): it traces back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ter-</hi> ‘lose’ (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e276" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e328" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>τείρω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5254e281" xml:id="mentioned_d5254e333" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>tero</w></mentioned> etc.).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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