305 lines
26 KiB
XML
305 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fændag</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fændag" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3691e66" type="lemma"><orth>fændag</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3691e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d3691e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>путь</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>path</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3691e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дорога</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>road</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d3691e89">
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<form xml:id="form_d3691e91" type="lemma"><orth>fændaggon</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3691e94"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>путник</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>traveller</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3691e105">
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<form xml:id="form_d3691e107" type="lemma"><orth>fændaggag</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3691e110"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дорожная провизия</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>travelling provisions</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3691e121">
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<form xml:id="form_d3691e123" type="lemma"><orth>fændarast</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3691e126"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>добрый путь</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bon voyage</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3691e138">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e140">
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<quote>dard ū mæ fændag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>далек мой путь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>my path is long</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e159">
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<quote>mæ fændag wæræx</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мой путь широк</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>my path is wide</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e178">
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<quote>dalæ fætūly jæ fændag-fændag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вон (череп) катится по своей дороге</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there the skull is rolling on its way</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e197">
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<quote>fedton fændagyl īw bændæn… æmæ jæ appærston mæ jæxsy fynʒæj
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fæsfændagmæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я увидел на дороге веревку и отшвырнул ее концом плети прочь от
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дороги</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I saw a rope on the road and flung it with the end of the lash away
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from the road</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 54</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e216">
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<quote>fændagyl mak˳y nyllæwwūt æxsæv</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>никогда не останавливайтесь ночью на дороге</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>never stop on the road at night</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e236">
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<quote>innæ fonʒej dær sæ xestæri fændagbæl rarvista</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>остальных пять (братьев) он также послал по пути старшего</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he also sent the other five brothers along the way of the older
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brother</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>4%l7%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e255">
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<quote>īw fændaggon dær myl nʼ ambældi</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мне не встретился ни один путник</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I have not met a single traveler</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e270">
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<quote>ædylyjy fændaggag razdær fæxærync</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у дурака дорожная провизия съедается вперед</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the fool's travel provisions are eaten first</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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234</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e289" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>raǧæn ræwæg, qæstæn ʒæbax fændaggag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дорожная провизия, легкая для спины, приятная для желудка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>travel provisions, light for the back, pleasant for the stomach</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e307">
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<quote>zaǧtoj jyn adæm: fændarast, fændarast!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сказали ему люди: «Добрый путь, добрый путь!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>people said to him: "Have a good journey, have a good journey!"</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>144</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e326">
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<quote>dæ fændag rast, xorz læg, kædæm cæwys?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>(да будет) прямым (удачным) твой путь, добрый человек, куда ты
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идешь?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>may your path be straight (successful), good man, where are you
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going?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 50</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3691e346" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>fændagi rast!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>добрый путь!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bon voyage!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>31%l8%l,
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35%l8%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Общеиндоевропейское слово. Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e600" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e371" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*pantā-</w></mentioned> с наращением <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-g</hi> как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dændag"/> ‘зуб’ и др. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e607" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e378" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pānd</w>
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<gloss><q>дорога</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e615" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e386" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>panda</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/><biblScope>II 300</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e625" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e396" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>pand</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e630" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e401" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
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<w>pand</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e635" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e406" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>pond, pund</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e640" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e411" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>pōda</w>
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<gloss><q>путь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e648" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e419" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>тропа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e654" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e425" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>дорога</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e661" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e432" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>pāt šau</w>
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<gloss><q>держать путь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e669" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e440" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>pandān</w>
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<gloss><q>тропа</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>113</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e681" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e452" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>pindāk</w>
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<gloss><q>дорога</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e689" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e460" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pant- (pnt)</w>
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<gloss><q>путь</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Залеман</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/><biblScope>1907, стр.
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546</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e704" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e474" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pantāk (pntʼk)</w></mentioned> в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e709" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e479" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*rāθ-pantāk (rʼθ-pntʼk)</w>
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<gloss><q>путь-дорога</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote" n="1">
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PUT NOTE HERE </note>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e720" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e490" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>pande</w>
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<gloss><q>дорога</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e728" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e498" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>rrasto pando</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (винительный
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падеж)</note>
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<gloss><q>правильный путь</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Leumann"/><biblScope>XXIII 275</biblScope></bibl>) = ос.
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">rast fændag</hi>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e743" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e513" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pantān-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e748" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e518" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>panthā-</w>
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<gloss><q>дорога</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e756" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e526" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>*ponti-, *panti-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e761" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e531" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>путь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e766" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e536" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>πόντος</w>
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<gloss><q>море (= „водный путь“)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e774" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e544" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pons pontis</w>
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<gloss><q>мост</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Сюда же, со смещением значения,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e783" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e553" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pand</w>
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<gloss><q>совет</q></gloss></mentioned> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fænd"/>). Прослеживается в <hi rendition="#rend_bold">скифском</hi>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fand-</hi> в
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e793" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e563" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Φανδάραζος</w></mentioned>. На скифской почве существовали, по-видимому,
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три разновидности основы: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">panta</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Φανδάραζος</hi>), <hi rendition="#rend_italic">panti-</hi>
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(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Παντικάπης</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Παντικάπαιον</hi>) и <hi rendition="#rend_italic">path-</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Πάταικος</hi>, см. ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fætæg"/> ‘вождь’), см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>175, 176</biblScope></bibl>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fætæg"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 47, III 82,
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161</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>30, 37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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78</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>46, 55, 175, 212</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">A general Indo-European word. It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e371" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e600" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*pantā-</w></mentioned> with the <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-g</hi> augmentation as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dændag"/> ‘tooth’ etc. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e378" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e607" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pānd</w>
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<gloss><q>road</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e386" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e615" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>panda</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/><biblScope>II 300</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e396" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e625" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>pand</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e401" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e630" xml:lang="x-rushani"><lang/>
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<w>pand</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e406" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e635" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>pond, pund</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e411" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e640" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>pōda</w>
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<gloss><q>path</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e419" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e648" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>trail</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e425" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e654" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>road</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e432" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e661" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>pāt šau</w>
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<gloss><q>make one's way for</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e440" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e669" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>pandān</w>
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<gloss><q>trail</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>113</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e452" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e681" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>pindāk</w>
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<gloss><q>road</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e460" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e689" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pant- (pnt)</w>
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<gloss><q>path</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Salemann</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИАН"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">1907, p.
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546</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e474" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e704" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pantāk (pntʼk)</w></mentioned> в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e479" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e709" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*rāθ-pantāk (rʼθ-pntʼk)</w>
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<gloss><q>path-road</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT
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NOTE HERE </note>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e490" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e720" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>pande</w>
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<gloss><q>road</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e498" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e728" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>rrasto pando</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (accusative
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case)</note>
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<gloss><q>right path</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Leumann"/><biblScope>XXIII 275</biblScope></bibl>) =
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Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rast fændag</hi>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e513" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e743" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pantān-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e518" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e748" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>panthā-</w>
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<gloss><q>road</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e526" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e756" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>*ponti-, *panti-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e531" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e761" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>putʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e536" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e766" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>πόντος</w>
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<gloss><q>sea (= ‘water path’)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e544" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e774" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pons pontis</w>
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<gloss><q>bridge</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e553" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e783" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pand</w>
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<gloss><q>advice</q></gloss></mentioned> is related to it as well but with
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the shifted meaning (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fænd"/>). It is also seen
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in <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Scythian</hi>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fand-</hi> in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3691e563" xml:id="mentioned_d3691e793" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Φανδάραζος</w></mentioned>. Apparently, there were three types on the
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stem in Scythian: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">panta</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Φανδάραζος</hi>), <hi rendition="#rend_italic">panti-</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Παντικάπης</hi>,
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Παντικάπαιον</hi>) and <hi rendition="#rend_italic">path-</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Πάταικος</hi>, see Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fætæg"/> ‘вождь’), see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>175, 176</biblScope></bibl>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fætæg"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 47, III 82,
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161</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>30, 37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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78</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>46, 55, 175, 212</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">Ср. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3691e830" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>rʼh ʼwd pndʼn</w>
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<gloss><q>путь и дорога</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">Cf. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3691e845" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>rʼh ʼwd pndʼn</w>
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<gloss><q>path and road</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/><biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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