189 lines
16 KiB
XML
189 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæsmon</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fæsmon" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d590e66" type="lemma"><orth>fæsmon</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d590e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>раскаяние</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>remorse</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d590e79">
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<form xml:id="form_d590e81" type="lemma"><orth>fæsmon kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d590e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>раскаиваться</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>repent</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d590e95">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d590e97">
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<quote>fæsmon fækæna …, dæw ḱī nyjjardta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пусть раскается та, которая тебя родила</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>let the one who gave birth to you repent</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d590e116">
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<quote>ma fæfæsmon kæ!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>нe раскаивайся!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>do not repent!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d590e135">
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<quote>nymmæl myn fæsmonæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>умри от раскаяния</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>die of remorse</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d590e154">
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<quote>…stæj næm fastaǵy bon ærcæwy fæsmon</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>…потом к нам напоследок приходит сожаление</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>… then regret comes to us at last</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d590e173">
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<quote>(bīræg) jæ rædyddytyl ærfæsmon kodta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>(волк) пожалел о своих ошибках</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(the wolf) regretted his mistakes</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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168</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d590e193">
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<quote>raǵy badag — ævæsmon</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>рано встающий не раскается</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>early risers will not repent</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d590e208" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>warzun alkedær ævæsmonæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я люблю всех и не раскаиваюсь (в этом)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I love everyone and do not regret it</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sozur"/><biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сближается с рядом иранских слов того же значения: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e357" xml:id="mentioned_d590e233" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pašī-mān, pižmān</w>
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<gloss><q>раскаивающийся</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e365" xml:id="mentioned_d590e241" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>pāšēmān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e370" xml:id="mentioned_d590e246" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>pōšmān</w>
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<gloss><q>раскаивающийся</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e378" xml:id="mentioned_d590e254" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>ptzmʼn</w>
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<gloss><q>отвращение</q></gloss></mentioned>. Во второй части этих слов —
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несомненно иранское <hi rendition="#rend_italic">man-</hi> ‘думать’, ‘полагать’, ‘наставлять’ и пр.,
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сохранившееся еще в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-mon-yn</hi> [<ref type="xr" target="#entry_amonyn"/>]
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‘показывать’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_monc"/> ‘желание’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amond"/> ‘счастье’. В первой части либо <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e393" xml:id="mentioned_d590e269" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>pasča</w>
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<gloss><q>после</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>40–41, №
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312</biblScope></bibl>), либо (во всяком случае в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e405" xml:id="mentioned_d590e281" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>ptzmʼn</w></mentioned>) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e410" xml:id="mentioned_d590e286" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>patiš</w>
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<gloss><q>снова</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e419" xml:id="mentioned_d590e295" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w/>
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<gloss><q>вслед</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e425" xml:id="mentioned_d590e301" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w/>
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<gloss><q>после</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/><biblScope>XXXIV <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 28—31</biblScope></bibl>). В обоих случаях
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„раскаивающийся“ означало собственно — „после-думающий“. Для осетинского
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæsmon</hi> ничто не препятствует исходить из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæs</hi> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pas</hi>) ‘после’ +
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">mān</hi>. Наличие этого слова в ряде кавказских языков (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e436" xml:id="mentioned_d590e312" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>pašman</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e441" xml:id="mentioned_d590e317" xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
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<w>pašmān</w>
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<gloss><q>грустный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e449" xml:id="mentioned_d590e325" xml:lang="lbe"><w/>
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<gloss><q>печальный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e456" xml:id="mentioned_d590e332" xml:lang="lbe"><w/>
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<gloss><q>унылый</q></gloss></mentioned> и др.) побуждает ставить вопрос о
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том, что <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæsmon</hi> могло быть и не оригинальным осетинским словом, а
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воспринятым из персидского через посредство кавказских языков. Однако этому
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препятствует начальный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">f</hi> (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">р</hi>), указывающий на большую давность
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бытования слова в языке (см. об этом под словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 51</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Benveniste. „Repentir“ en iranien</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/><biblScope>XXXIV <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 28—31</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Approaches a number of Iranian words of the same meaning:
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e233" xml:id="mentioned_d590e357" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>pašī-mān, pižmān</w>
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<gloss><q>repenting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e241" xml:id="mentioned_d590e365" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>pāšēmān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e246" xml:id="mentioned_d590e370" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>pōšmān</w>
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<gloss><q>repenting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e254" xml:id="mentioned_d590e378" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>ptzmʼn</w>
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<gloss><q>disgust</q></gloss></mentioned>. In the second part of these words
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there is undoubteldy Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">man-</hi> ‘think’, ‘consider’, ‘instruct’ etc.,
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which is also seen in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-mon-yn</hi> [<ref type="xr" target="#entry_amonyn"/>]
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‘show’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_monc"/> ‘wish’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amond"/> ‘happiness’. In the first part there is either
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e269" xml:id="mentioned_d590e393" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>pasča</w>
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<gloss><q>after</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>40–41, №
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312</biblScope></bibl>), or (at any rate in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e281" xml:id="mentioned_d590e405" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>ptzmʼn</w></mentioned>) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e286" xml:id="mentioned_d590e410" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>patiš</w>
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<gloss><q>again</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e295" xml:id="mentioned_d590e419" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w/>
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<gloss><q>following</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e301" xml:id="mentioned_d590e425" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w/>
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<gloss><q>after</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/><biblScope>XXXIV <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 28—31</biblScope></bibl>). In both cases,
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“repentant” actually meant “after-thinking”. For the Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæsmon</hi>, nothing
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prevents from basing on <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæs</hi> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pas</hi>) ‘after’ + <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mān</hi>. The presence of
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this word in a number of Caucasian languages (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e312" xml:id="mentioned_d590e436" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>pašman</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e317" xml:id="mentioned_d590e441" xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
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<w>pašmān</w>
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<gloss><q>sad</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e325" xml:id="mentioned_d590e449" xml:lang="lbe"><w/>
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<gloss><q>sorrowful</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d590e332" xml:id="mentioned_d590e456" xml:lang="lbe"><w/>
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<gloss><q>gloomy</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.) prompts the question that
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæsmon</hi> could have been not an original Ossetic word, but taken from Persian
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through the Caucasian languages. However, this is hindered by the initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">f</hi>
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(from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">р</hi>), indicating that this word has been in the language for a long time
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(see about this under the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
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51</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste. „Repentir“ en
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iranien</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/><biblScope>XXXIV
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 28—31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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