158 lines
13 KiB
XML
158 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæzmyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fæzmyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5232e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fæzmyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5232e68" type="participle"><orth>fæzmd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5232e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fænzun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5232e73" type="participle"><orth>fænzt</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5232e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d5232e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>подражать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>imitate</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5232e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>передразнивать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mimic</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5232e96">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5232e98">
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<quote>badtæj Badīlaty fæzmy, cydæj — Tægiaty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в (манере) сидеть он подражает Бадилатам, в (манере) ходить —
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Магнатам</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in the manner of sitting he imitates the Badilats, in the manner of
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walking he imitates the Magnates</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (Бадилата, Тагиата — высшие сословия у
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осетин)</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (Badilata, Tagiata are the upper classes
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among the Ossetians)</note>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5232e119">
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<quote>adæmy fæzmgæjæ īw xatt mæ eræʒypp axaston tūlʒǵynmæ memæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>подражая людям (охотникам), я взял однажды с собой ружье в дубовую
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рощу</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I once took a gun with me into an oak grove, imitating people
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(hunters)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5232e138">
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<quote>dærdʒæf ærlæwwyd (xæjræg) æmæ jæ fæzmydta: … færætæj k˳yd cavta læg
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bælæsty, ūj dær aftæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>(чорт) стал поодаль и подражал ему: как ударял топором по деревьям
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человек, так (делал) и он</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the devil stood at a distance and imitated him: as a man struck trees
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with an axe, so did he</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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108</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5232e157" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>adæmti ka næ fænza, zundmæ, axurmæ ka næ bælla, obæl bajzadæj
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sawvonsi nom</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кто не следует примеру людей, кто не стремится к знанию, учению, на
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том осталось имя «черной скотины»</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the name of the "black beast" remained on the one who does not follow
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the example of people, who does not strive for knowledge and
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teaching</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sozur"/><biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5232e179" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>oj desgængæ niffænzuncæ xwænxtæ, kæmttæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>с удивлением вторят ему (пастуху, играющему на свирели) горы и
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ущелья</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mountains and gorges are echoing him (the shepherd playing the flute)
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with surprise</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5232e202" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>oj niffænzgæ i zæǧændor xwænxtæ ǧædtæ niccarawuj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>подражая ему (пастуху), эхо оглашает горы и леса</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the mountains and forests echoed, imitating him (the shepherd)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæs-m-</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pas-mā-</hi> буквально „после отмеривать“ →
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„подражать“, ср. по образованию <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5232e284" xml:id="mentioned_d5232e227" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>nach-ahmen</w>
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<gloss><q>подражать</q></gloss></mentioned>, буквально „после (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">nach</hi>)
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отмеривать (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ahmen</hi>)“. На иранской почве ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5232e292" xml:id="mentioned_d5232e235" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>püt-müi-</w>
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<gloss><q>подражать</q></gloss></mentioned> (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pati-mā-</hi> „вслед
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отмеривать“). Эта же модель — в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5232e300" xml:id="mentioned_d5232e243" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>prati-mā-</w>
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<gloss><q>подражать</q></gloss></mentioned>, буквально „вслед отмеривать“.
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Взаимозаменимость <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pas(ča)</hi> и <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pati</hi> в первой части сложения наблюдается и в
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иранских словах для ‘раскаяния’ (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsmon"/>).
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Глагол <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mā-</hi> ‘мерить’ выступает здесь с нулевой огласовкой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">m-</hi>, в отличие
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от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ny-ma-jyn</hi> [<ref type="xr" target="#entry_nymajyn"/>] ‘считать’, где мы
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имеем сильную ступень. Ср. такое же чередование сильной и нулевой ступени в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stajyn"/> || <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"/>
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и др. Дигорская форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fænz</hi> — вторичная; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fans"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cans</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sasm"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sans</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_az"/> |
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">anz</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">361 прим., 379</biblScope></bibl>).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>165</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæs-m-</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pas-mā-</hi> literally ‘after measure’ →
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‘imitate’, cf. the derivation pattern in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5232e227" xml:id="mentioned_d5232e284" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>nach-ahmen</w>
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<gloss><q>imitate</q></gloss></mentioned>, literally ‘after (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">nach</hi>)
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measure (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ahmen</hi>)’. Cf. Iranian languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5232e235" xml:id="mentioned_d5232e292" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>püt-müi-</w>
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<gloss><q>imitate</q></gloss></mentioned> (from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pati-mā-</hi> ‘measure
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after’). The same model is in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5232e243" xml:id="mentioned_d5232e300" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>prati-mā-</w>
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<gloss><q>imitate</q></gloss></mentioned>, literally ‘measure after’. The
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interchangeability of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pas(ča)</hi> and <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pati</hi> in the first part of the compound
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is also found in Iranian words meaning ‘remorse’ (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsmon"/>). The verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mā-</hi> ‘measure’ is with zero ablaut
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grade <hi rendition="#rend_italic">m-</hi>, as opposed to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ny-ma-jyn</hi> [<ref type="xr" target="#entry_nymajyn"/>] ‘count’ with the strong ablaut grade. Cf. the
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same alternation of the strong grade and the zero grade in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stajyn"/> || <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"/> etc. The
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Digor form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fænz</hi> is secondary; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/> |
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fans"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/>
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| <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cans</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sasm"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sans</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_az"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">anz</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">361 fn., 379</biblScope></bibl>).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>165</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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