172 lines
13 KiB
XML
172 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qwaz</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_qwaz" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5836e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qwaz</orth><form xml:id="form_d5836e68" type="variant"><orth>qæwaz</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5836e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ǧæwanz</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5836e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d5836e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>самка оленя</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>female deer</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5836e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лань</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>doe</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5836e94">
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<example xml:id="example_d5836e96">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qwaz færætmæʽrcydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лань (сама) пришла под топор</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">doe (itself) came under the axe</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 118</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 106</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5836e124">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cæf qæwaz</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">раненая лань</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wounded deer</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>IV 9</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5836e147">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zilaxary bydyry īw qæwaz fedton, jæ q˳yn
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syǧzærīn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на Зилахарской равнине я видел одну лань, —
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шерсть у нее золотая</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">On the Zilakhar plain I saw one fallow deer —
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its coat is golden</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>I 145</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5836e170" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fonsi Fælværa sin alli ræftadæn avd anzi
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xuskʼ ǧæwanz ærvista</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(покровитель) скота Фалвара к каждому обеду
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посылал им семь лет яловую лань</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">On the Zilakhar plain I saw one dow — its coat
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is golden</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>II 320</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5836e196" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xani læqwæn i osi xasta sagi wældar æma
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ǧæwanzi qanzæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сын хана кормил женщину жиром оленя и мозгом
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лани</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the khan’s son fed the woman deer fat and
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doe brain</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 106 — 107</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5836e223" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ældar sagbæl badtæj… wezdon ǧæwanz
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duǧta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">князь сидел на олене, дворянин доил лань</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the prince was sitting on a deer, the nobleman
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was milking a dow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>153</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Иранское слово. Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e379" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e252" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">qavazna-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e383" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e256" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>gavazn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e388" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e261" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>gavazn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e393" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e266" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5836e271" xml:lang="fa"><lang/></mentioned>)</note>
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<w>gavazn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e404" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e277" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ɣāwazn</w> (<w>ɣʽwzn</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e414" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e287" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ggūysna-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e419" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e292" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>gavasna-</w>
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<gloss><q>олень</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <w>gav-az-na-</w>, где <w>gav-</w>
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<gloss><q>корова</q></gloss>, <w>az-</w>
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<gloss><q>коза</q></gloss>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e442" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e315" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>aǵ-</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>6—7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Вероятно, в осетинском, как в
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других иранских языках, <oRef>ǧæwanz</oRef> означало первоначально вообще <q>олень</q>. Со
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временем для оленя-самца — тотемного животного скифов — утвердилось по табуистическим
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мотивам эвфемистическое <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e457" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e330" xml:lang="ira"><w>sāka</w>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сохатый</q></gloss></mentioned>. См. об этом под
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словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sag"><w>sag</w>
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<q>олень</q></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MO"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Charpentier</hi>, МО</ref>
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<biblScope>XVIII 30 сл.</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>I 49</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi>, BSOS</ref>
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<biblScope>1939 VII 69; 1940 VIII 123</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§ 375</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">An Iranian word. It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e252" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e379" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">qavazna-</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e256" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e383" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>gavazn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e261" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e388" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>gavazn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e266" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e393" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5836e398" xml:lang="fa"><lang/></mentioned>)</note>
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<w>gavazn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e277" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e404" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ɣāwazn</w> (<w>ɣʽwzn</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e287" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e414" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ggūysna-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e292" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e419" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>gavasna-</w>
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<gloss><q>deer</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <w>gav-az-na-</w>, where <w>gav-</w>
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<gloss><q>cow</q></gloss>, <w>az-</w>
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<gloss><q>goat</q></gloss>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e315" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e442" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>aǵ-</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>6—7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Probably in Ossetic, as in
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other Iranian languages, <oRef>ǧæwanz</oRef> meant originally <q>deer</q> in general. Over
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time, for the male deer - the totemic animal of the Scythians — the euphemistic <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5836e330" xml:id="mentioned_d5836e457" xml:lang="ira"><w>sāka</w>, literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">elk</q></gloss></mentioned> was established for taboo reasons. See about this under
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the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sag"><w>sag</w>
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<q>deer</q></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MO"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Charpentier</hi>, MO</ref>
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<biblScope>XVIII 30 ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>I 49</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi>, BSOS</ref>
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<biblScope>1939 VII 69; 1940 VIII 123</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§ 375</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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