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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sæjyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_sæjyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d170e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sæjyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sad</orth></form></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sæjun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sad</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d170e69" n="1">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>хворать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>be sick</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>болеть</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>be ill</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; д. <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæjgæ</w>
<gloss><q>больной</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Digor <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæjgæ</w>
<gloss><q>sick (adj.)</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
</sense>
<sense n="2">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>лежать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to lie</q>
</abv:tr>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (обычно с пейоративным оттенком); <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæjæn</w>
<gloss><q>место лежки, лежания</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (usually with a pejorative connotation); <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæjæn</w>
<gloss><q>place of lying, lair</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæinag cy nīzæj won, wnæj qwamæ razdær
<oRef>basæjon</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">болезнью, которой мне суждено болеть, я должен
переболеть пораньше</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I have to be down with the illness, which I am
destined to be ill with, earlier</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 103</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærtæ mæjy tæfsægæj
<oRef>fæsadī</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">три месяца он хворал малярией</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he was ill with malaria for three months</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sæjgæj</oRef> læwwuj næ kʼæsi, nætuj,
mægur, nætuj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">хворая он пребывает в нашей хижине, стонет,
бедняга, стонет</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">being ill, he stays in our hut, [he] moans,
poor fellow, moans</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sænar kæmæ næj, ūj
<oRef>nyssæjy</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у кого нет кизяка (для топлива), тот
заваливается спать</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one who doesn't have kizyak (for fuel) falls
asleep</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>nyssæj</oRef>!</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ложись!</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">get down!</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лежи!</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">stay down!</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221222T160616+0300" comment="не так поняла текст и добавила в библ, теперь не знаю, как переделать на note, чтобы не сломался перевод..."?>
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">в грубой форме</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">in a rough
form</biblScope><?oxy_comment_end ?></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">alḱī jæ mæg˳yr <oRef>sæjæny</oRef>
nyssadī</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">каждый завалился на свое убогое ложе</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">everybody fell on his own miserable bed</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūm <oRef>sadī</oRef> tyng bīræ rynḱyntæ,
k˳yrmytæ, kʼ˳lyxtæ...</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в них лежало великое множество больных, слепых,
хромых...</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in these lay a great number of the sick, the
blind, the lame, and the paralyzed...</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">5</hi> 3</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">egærttæ isæfun fændæ iskodtoncæ, sæ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sæjænti</oRef> sin wærmitæ iskʼaxtoncæ; ...egærttæ sæ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sæjænti</oRef> basmustitæ kodtoncæ æma ændær rawænti
nissadæncæ </quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они задумали погубить борзых собак (и) в местах
их лежки выкопали ямы; борзые понюхали места своей лежки и улеглись в других
местах</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they decided to kill greyhound dogs (and) dug
pits in the places of their lairs; the greyhounds sniffed the places of their lair
and lied down in other places</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 107</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">meǧæ xwænxtæbæl <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærsadæj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">туман лег на горы</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mist fell on the mountains</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>say-</w></mentioned>, и.е.
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ḱei-</w>
<gloss><q>лежать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>покоиться</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<phr>ā-sāy-am</phr>
<gloss><q>я покоюсь, успокаиваюсь, отдыхаю</q></gloss> (инфинитив <w>āsūdan</w> из <w type="rec">ā-sā-tan</w>), как <w>farmūdan</w> из <w type="rec">fra-mā-tan</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>sāy-</w> в <w>ā-sāy-et</w>
<gloss><q>он покоится, отдыхает</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Nyberg"/>
<biblScope>II 23</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>ni-sāy-et</w>
<gloss><q>он лежит</q></gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Junker._Frahang"/>
<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>ne-sī-am</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
<biblScope>II 532</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>na-si-am</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
<biblScope>229</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">šay-</w> в <w type="rec">šāyan-</w> (<w>šʼyn-</w>)
<gloss><q>ложе</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
<biblScope>I 96, II 87, 233</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>say-</w>
<gloss><q>лежать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
<biblScope>195</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>ṡṡäte</w>
<gloss><q>он лежит</q></gloss>, прош. причастие <w>ṡṡāta-</w></mentioned> (=ос.
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sad</w></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Leumann"/>
<biblScope>504, 505</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._Gramm."/>
<biblScope>14, 125</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 187</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sāy-</w>, <w>say-</w>
<gloss><q>лежать</q></gloss>, <w>saete</w>
<gloss><q>он лежит</q></gloss>, <w>sayana-</w>
<gloss><q>лежащий</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
<biblScope>1571</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡay-</w>
<gloss><q>лежать</q></gloss>, <w>ṡayate</w>, <w>ṡete</w>, (вед.) <w>ṡaye</w>
<gloss><q>он лежит</q></gloss></mentioned> (ос. <oRef/> = <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡayana-</w>
<gloss><q>ложе</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>χεῑμαι</w>
<gloss><q>я лежу</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hit"><lang/>
<w>kitta</w>
<gloss><q>он лежит</q></gloss></mentioned>. — <name>Вс. Миллер</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">21, стр. 330</biblScope></bibl>) предполагает связь с ав. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>stray-</w>
<gloss><q>прислонять</q></gloss></mentioned>; фонетически такая этимология возможна, но
семантически неудовлетворительна. Ср.: <bibl><author>Hübschmann</author>,
<title>ZDMG</title>
<biblScope>1884 XXXVIII 428</biblScope></bibl>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæjgæ"/>
<gloss><q>больной</q></gloss>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 187</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">It goes back to Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>say-</w></mentioned>, Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ḱei-</w>
<gloss><q>to lie</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to rest</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<phr>ā-sāy-am</phr>
<gloss><q>I rest, calm down, relax</q></gloss> (infinitive <w>āsūdan</w> from <w type="rec">ā-sā-tan</w>), as <w>farmūdan</w> from <w type="rec">fra-mā-tan</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>sāy-</w> in <w>ā-sāy-et</w>
<gloss><q>he rests, relaxes</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Nyberg"/>
<biblScope>II 23</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>ni-sāy-et</w>
<gloss><q>he lies</q></gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Junker._Frahang"/>
<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>ne-sī-am</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
<biblScope>II 532</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>na-si-am</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
<biblScope>229</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">šay-</w> in <w type="rec">šāyan-</w> (<w>šʼyn-</w>)
<gloss><q>bed</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
<biblScope>I 96, II 87, 233</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>say-</w>
<gloss><q>to lie</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
<biblScope>195</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>ṡṡäte</w>
<gloss><q>he lies</q></gloss>, past participle <w>ṡṡāta-</w></mentioned> (= Ossetic
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sad</w></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Leumann"/>
<biblScope>504, 505</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._Gramm."/>
<biblScope>14, 125</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 187</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sāy-</w>, <w>say-</w>
<gloss><q>to lie</q></gloss>, <w>saete</w>
<gloss><q>he lies</q></gloss>, <w>sayana-</w>
<gloss><q>lying</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
<biblScope>1571</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡay-</w>
<gloss><q>to lie</q></gloss>, <w>ṡayate</w>, <w>ṡete</w>, (Vedic) <w>ṡaye</w>
<gloss><q>he lies</q></gloss></mentioned> (Ossetic <oRef/> = <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡayana-</w>
<gloss><q>bed</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>χεῑμαι</w>
<gloss><q>I lie</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hit"><lang/>
<w>kitta</w>
<gloss><q>he lies</q></gloss></mentioned>. — <name>Ws. Miller</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="en">21, p. 330</biblScope></bibl>) suggests the connection with
Avestan <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>stray-</w>
<gloss><q>lean</q></gloss></mentioned>; with regard to phonetics, this etymology is
possible, but it is semantically unsatisfactory. Cf.: <bibl><author>Hübschmann</author>,
<title>ZDMG</title>
<biblScope>1884 XXXVIII 428</biblScope></bibl>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæjgæ"/>
<gloss><q>ill</q></gloss>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 187</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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