abaev-xml/entries/abaev_saw.xml

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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">saw</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_saw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d2755e66" type="lemma"><orth>saw</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2755e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>черный</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>black</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>смуглый</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>dark-skinned</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawlaǧz</w>
<gloss><q>смуглый</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sæwændærg</w>
<gloss><q>силуэт</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawtæ</w>
<gloss><q>траур</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawlaǧz</w>
<gloss><q>dark-skinned</q></gloss></mentioned>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawændær6g9"><w>sæwændærg</w>
<gloss><q>silhouette</q></gloss></ref>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawtæ</w>
<gloss><q>mourning</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>saw daryn</orth><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (реже
</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (less frequently </note><form type="variant"><orth>saw xæssyn</orth>: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 97</biblScope></bibl>)</note></form></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">носить траур</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mourn</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>saw īsyn</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снимать траур</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">stop mourning</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawdūr"><w>sawdūr</w>
<gloss><q>оселок</q></gloss></ref>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawqæd</w>
<gloss><q>чернолесье</q></gloss></mentioned>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawnæmyg"><w>sawnæmyg</w>
<gloss><q>черника</q></gloss></ref>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawzym</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">черная (бесснежная)
зима</q></gloss></mentioned>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlæg"><w>sawlæg</w>
<gloss><q>человек низшего сословия</q></gloss></ref>; и. <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>saw cʼīw</phr></mentioned>, д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawmælǧæ"><w>sawmælǧæ</w>
<gloss><q>скворец</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawmær"><w>sawmær</w>
<gloss><q>чернозем</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawg0yrm"><w>sawg˳yrm</w>
<gloss><q>совершенно слепой</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawxīl"><w>sawhīl</w>
<gloss><q>черноволосый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>брюнет</q></gloss></ref>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawystʼælf</w>
<gloss><q>родинка</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>родимое пятно</q></gloss></mentioned>;
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawnad</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">черные побои</q></gloss> (до синяков, но без
появления крови)</mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw rasyg</phr>
<gloss><q>мертвецки пьяный</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawzærdæ</w>
<gloss><q>злой</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>злобный</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawgucʼa</w>
<gloss><q>злой и скаредный человек</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawdūr"><w>sawdūr</w>
<gloss><q>whetstone</q></gloss></ref>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawqæd</w>
<gloss><q>leafy forest</q></gloss></mentioned>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawnæmyg"><w>sawnæmyg</w>
<gloss><q>blueberry</q></gloss></ref>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawzym</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">black winter (without
snow)</q></gloss></mentioned>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlæg"><w>sawlæg</w>
<gloss><q>person of the lowest estate</q></gloss></ref>; Iron <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>saw cʼīw</phr></mentioned>, Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawmælǧæ"><w>sawmælǧæ</w>
<gloss><q>starling </q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawmær"><w>sawmær</w>
<gloss><q>humus</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawg0yrm"><w>sawg˳yrm</w>
<gloss><q>completely blind</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawxīl"><w>sawhīl</w>
<gloss><q>black-haired</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>brunette </q></gloss></ref>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawystʼælf</w>
<gloss><q>birthmark</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mole</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawnad</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">black beatings</q></gloss> (when one was beaten
to bruises, but there is no bleeding)</mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw
rasyg</phr>
<gloss><q>dead drunk</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawzærdæ</w>
<gloss><q>evil</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>spiteful</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawgucʼa</w>
<gloss><q>evil and stingy person</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saw</oRef> bægæny urs fynk kalgæ
ʒæbīdyrty...</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в турьих рогах — черное пиво, изливающее белую
пену</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is black beer, which is pouring white
foam, in the wild goat horns</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>236 — 237</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">raxæssūt nyn <oRef>saw</oRef> bægæny
særsærgængæ, būr fīzonæg cʼyscʼysgængæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вынесите нам шипящее черное пиво, скворчащий
бурый шашлык</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bring us
foaming<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221216T233906+0300" comment="я не придумала ничего лучше для &quot;шипящее пиво&quot;..."?>
beer<?oxy_comment_end ?>, sputtering brown shashlik</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">afælyvta mæ <oRef>sawærfyg</oRef>
ræsuǧd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">обманула меня чернобровая красавица</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the dark-browed beauty deceived me</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saw</oRef> fænykæj wæ k˳y fenin
fæltaw</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лучше мне видеть вас (горы) черной золой</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221216T234450+0300" comment="&quot;лучше мне видеть горы черной золой&quot; - я не поняла, в чем смысл, перевод мне не нравится... "?>I'd
better see you (mountains) as black ash<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saw</oRef> synt</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">траурные носилки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mourning stretcher</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saw</oRef> xæxxon k˳yst</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тяжкая (<q>черная</q>) горская работа</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hard (<q>black</q>) mountain work</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bon <oRef>saw</oRef> izærmæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с утра до позднего (<q>черного</q>) вечера</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from morning to late (<q>black</q>) evening</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saǧæssag q˳dytæ <oRef>saw</oRef> mīǧy
tymbyltaw jæ zærdæjyl tyxst</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тревожные думы подобно клубам черной тучи
окутывали его сердце</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">disturbing thoughts were enveloping his heart
like black clouds</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saw-sawid</oRef> ævzalyjy
x˳yzæn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черным-черные, как уголь</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">very black, like coal</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">G˳yrʒyxan <oRef>sawtæ</oRef> skodta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Гурдзыхан надела траур</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gyrdzykhan started mourning</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tedion — xuūs, g˳ybyr zærond us —
<oRef>sawty</oRef> mīdæg bady kʼūly cūr fæjnægyl</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Тедион — сухая сгорбленная старуха — сидит в
трауре у стены на доске</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tedion, a wizened hunched old woman, sits near
the wall on the board, mourning</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
<biblScope>199</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ mojyl <oRef>saw</oRef> daryn
rajdydta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стала носить траур по мужу</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she started to mourn for her husband</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ afæʒy bon <oRef>sawīsæny</oRef> xist
yskodta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в годовщину (смерти мужа) устроила поминки (по
случаю) снятия траура</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on the anniversary (of her husband's death) she
arranged the commemoration (on the occasion of the) termination of mourning</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nomylūsy cæwæt <oRef>sawyl</oRef> nymad
cydysty</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дети наложницы считались людьми низшего
сословия (<q>черными</q>)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">children of a concubine were considered to be
people of the lowest estate (<q>black</q>)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sawlægæn</oRef> (zæxxæj) xaj næ
kodtoj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">человеку низшего сословия не давали доли
(земли)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">[they] didn't give a person of the lowest
estate a plot (of arable land)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>178</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saw</oRef> bon myl yskodta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черный день для меня настал</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the black day has come to me</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope>from the women's
lament</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ cæstitæbæl ǧazuncæ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saw</oRef> nimæt æma saw bæx</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">перед моими глазами мелькают черная бурка и
вороной конь</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a black felt cloak and a black horse are
flickering before my eyes</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zænxæn æ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saw</oRef>, arvæn æ cʼæx</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чернота земли, синева неба</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the blackness of the ground, the blue of the
sky</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saw</oRef>
ræsuǧd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">смуглая красавица</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a dark-skinned beauty</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saw</oRef>
daritæj mæ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saw</oRef> fælust dæ razdæxtmæ isrævgæ
kænʒænæn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из черного шелка траурный наряд я приготовлю к
твоему возвращению</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will prepare a mourning dress from black silk
to your return</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">afæj boni walængæ næmæ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saw</oRef> daruncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">до годовщины (смерти) у нас носят траур</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">among us, one need to mourn till the
anniversary (of the death)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>12₁₂</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. — Выражения
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw læppū</phr>
<gloss><q>смуглый парень</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw
kʼyzg</phr>
<gloss><q>смуглая девушка</q></gloss></mentioned> употребляются в одобрительном
смысле; ср <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"/> (мохев.)
<w>kalšavaj</w>
<gloss><q>смуглая девушка</q></gloss> как ласкательное наименование</mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
<biblScope>564</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
</exampleGrp>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. — The expressions <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw
læppū</phr>
<gloss><q>dark-skinned boy</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw
kʼyzg</phr>
<gloss><q>dark-skinned girl</q></gloss></mentioned> have positive meaning; cf.
<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"/>
<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221217T001359+0300" comment="диалекта нет в списке"?>(Mokhevian)<?oxy_comment_end ?>
<w>kalšavaj</w>
<gloss><q>dark-skinned girl</q></gloss>, which expresses endearment</mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
<biblScope>564</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>syāva-</w></mentioned>:
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>siyāh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>siyāh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/></mentioned>
)</note>
<w>siyā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>ṣ̂ïu</w>, <w>ṣ̂ïw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>šüi</w>
</mentioned> (в других припамирских языках в значении <gloss><q>черный</q></gloss> находим
иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tąθra-</w></mentioned>), см. ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tar_1"/>
<gloss><q>темный</q></gloss>), <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>sāw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">šāw</w> (<w>šʼw</w>) (отложилось и в топонимах:
<w>Šavkat</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
<w>sāw</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>)? <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>syʼw</w>
<gloss><q>черный</q></gloss></mentioned> (→ <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>seav</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>śava</w>
<gloss><q>медно-красного цвета</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>IV 168</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
<biblScope>1957 XX 59</biblScope></bibl>); <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>śyāva-</w>, <w>śyāma-</w>
<gloss><q>темно-коричневый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>sivъ</w>
</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>сивый</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
<w>siwan</w>
<gloss><q>серый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>šývas</w>
<gloss><q>сивый</q>, <q>белый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Отложилось в топонимии расселения
алан в прошлом: <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>Šaw-kam</w>
</mentioned> название ущелья (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1"/>), <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-dan</w></mentioned> название реки (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"/>), <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-müskü</w></mentioned> название перевала (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfcæg"/>), <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-müskü
</w></mentioned>= ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw mæsug</phr>
<gloss><q>черная башня</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-ardat</w></mentioned> название местности, <w>Šaw-xunat</w> = ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saw-xumwat</w>
<gloss><q>черная пашня</q></gloss>(?)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-dor-su</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">река черного камня</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
<w>Šaw-šügit</w></mentioned> = ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw sigit</phr>
<gloss><q>чернозем</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Распознается в скифских именах: <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σιαυος</w>, <w>Σιαυαχος</w>, <w>Σιαυαγος</w>, <w>Σαυαγος</w>,
<w>Σοζιραυος</w> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Созир
смуглый</q></gloss></mentioned>, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sozyryqo"/>);
<mentioned xml:lang="x-sarm"><w>Σαυδαραται</w></mentioned> название сарматского племени
= ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saw-dar-a-tæ</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">одетые в черное</q></gloss></mentioned>, ср. у
Геродота <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>Mελάγχλάιοι</w></mentioned> название скифского
племени, с тем же значением; возможно, сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σαυρομαται</w>
<gloss><q>савроматы</q></gloss></mentioned> = ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saw-ærm-a-tæ</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">смуглорукие</q></gloss></mentioned>. Выпадение
<c>у</c> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w>syāw</w></mentioned><oRef/>) для осетинского
закономерно; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæwyn"/>
<gloss><q>идти</q></gloss> из <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">čyaw-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æncajyn"><w>æn-cajyn</w></ref>
<gloss><q>переставать</q></gloss> из <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">hamčyā-</w></mentioned>. Из аланского идет, по-видимому, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>šavi</w>
<gloss><q>черный</q></gloss></mentioned>, где <c>š-</c> отражает полушипящее
произношение этого сибилянта в большинстве осетинских говоров; ср. в этом отношении
<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>Šaragas</w></mentioned> имя питиахша в Грузии II в. н. э.
(<bibl><author>Церетели</author>. <title>Армазская билингва</title>.
<pubPlace>Тбилиси</pubPlace>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">1942, стр.
62</biblScope></bibl>) = ос.
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>særægas</w>
<gloss><q>невредимый</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Относительно <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>šaw</w> и <w>seav</w>
<gloss><q>черный</q></gloss></mentioned> см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
<biblScope>489</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">TPhS 1964, стр. 18</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <title>Revue
des Etudes Arméniennes</title>, <publisher>N. S.</publisher>
<biblScope>1964 I 3</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Anabit Périkhanian</author>,
<title>Revue des Etudes Arméniennes</title>, <publisher>N. S.</publisher>
<biblScope>1968 V 27</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 49, III 80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>21, 86, 183 — 184, 214, 218</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The word goes back to Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>syāva-</w></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>siyāh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>siyāh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/></mentioned>)</note>
<w>siyā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>ṣ̌ïu</w>, <w>ṣ̌ïw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>šüi</w>
</mentioned> (in other Pamir languages we find Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tąθra-</w></mentioned> in the meaning <gloss><q>black</q></gloss>), see Ossetic
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_tar_1"/>
<gloss><q>dark</q></gloss>), <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>sāw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">šāw</w> (<w>šʼw</w>) (it remained also in toponyms:
<w>Šavkat</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
<w>sāw</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>)? <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>syʼw</w>
<gloss><q>black</q></gloss></mentioned> (→ <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>seav</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>śava</w>
<gloss><q>of copper-red colour</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>IV 168</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
<biblScope>1957 XX 59</biblScope></bibl>); <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>śyāva-</w>, <w>śyāma-</w>
<gloss><q>dark brown</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>sivъ</w>
</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>sivyj</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
<w>siwan</w>
<gloss><q>grey</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>šývas</w>
<gloss><q>grey</q>, <q>white</q></gloss></mentioned>. It remained in the names of the
places where Alanians used to live in early times: <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>Šaw-kam</w>
</mentioned>the name of the gorge (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1"/>), <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-dan</w></mentioned> the name of the river (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"/>), <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-müskü</w></mentioned> the name of the pass (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfcæg"/>), <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-müskü
</w></mentioned>= Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw mæsug</phr>
<gloss><q>a black tower</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-ardat</w></mentioned> the name of the area, <w>Šaw-xunat</w> = Ossetic
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saw-xumwat</w>
<gloss><q>black arable land</q></gloss>(?)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Šaw-dor-su</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the River of the Black
Stone</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
<w>Šaw-šügit</w></mentioned> = Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saw sigit</phr>
<gloss><q>humus</q></gloss></mentioned>. — The word is recognised in Scythian names:
<mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σιαυος</w>, <w>Σιαυαχος</w>, <w>Σιαυαγος</w>,
<w>Σαυαγος</w>, <w>Σοζιραυος</w> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Sozyr the
dark-skinned</q></gloss></mentioned>, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sozyryqo"/>); <mentioned xml:lang="x-sarm"><w>Σαυδαραται</w></mentioned> the name of the Sarmatian
tribe = Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saw-dar-a-tæ</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">dressed in black</q></gloss></mentioned>, cf.,
in the notes of Herodotus, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>Mελάγχλάιοι</w></mentioned> the
name of the Scythian tribe with the same meaning; probably, the cognate is <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σαυρομαται</w>
<gloss><q>Sauromatians</q></gloss></mentioned> = Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saw-ærm-a-tæ</w>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">with dark-skinned arms</q></gloss></mentioned>.
The loss of the vowel <c>y</c> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w>syāw</w></mentioned>
<oRef/>) is regular in Ossetic; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæwyn"/>
<gloss><q>go</q></gloss> from <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">čyaw-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æncajyn"><w>æn-cajyn</w></ref>
<gloss><q>to stop</q></gloss> from <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">hamčyā-</w></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>šavi</w>
<gloss><q>black</q></gloss></mentioned> is borrowed, apparently, from Alanian, in this
word the consonant <c>š-</c> reflects the sibilant nature of this sound in the majority of
the subdialects of Ossetis; cf., in this respect, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>Šaragas</w></mentioned> the name of Bidaxsh in Georgia in the 2th century A. D.
(<bibl><author>Cereteli</author>. <title>Armazskaja bilingva</title> [The Stele of
Serapeitis]. <pubPlace>Tbilisi</pubPlace>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">1942, p. 62</biblScope></bibl>) = Ossetic
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>særægas</w>
<gloss><q>unharmed</q></gloss></mentioned>. — About <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>šaw</w> and <w>seav</w>
<gloss><q>black</q></gloss></mentioned> see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
<biblScope>489</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="en">TPhS
1964, p. 18</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <title>Revue des
Etudes Arméniennes</title>, <publisher>N. S.</publisher>
<biblScope>1964 I 3</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Anabit Périkhanian</author>,
<title>Revue des Etudes Arméniennes</title>, <publisher>N. S.</publisher>
<biblScope>1968 V 27</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 49, III 80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>21, 86, 183 — 184, 214, 218</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>