224 lines
16 KiB
XML
224 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zældæ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_zældæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="complete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5769e66" type="lemma"><orth>zældæ</orth></form>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5769e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>молодая трава</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>young grass</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мурава</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>grass sward</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дерн</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>turf</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næw_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_taw"/></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næw_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_taw"/></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bælasi awwon cʼæx <oRef>zældi</oRef> astæw
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æritawuncæ sæ ors nimættæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">под тенью дерева посреди зеленой муравы
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расстилают свои белые бурки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">under the shade of a tree in the middle of the
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green grass they spread their white felt cloaks</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>59<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">224–225</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">baolæfunmæ æ nadæj læg ærfestæg æj cʼæx
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<oRef>zældi</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чтобы отдохнуть с дороги, человек спешился на
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зеленой траве</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in order to rest from the road, the man
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dismounted on green grass</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æmburdgond"/>
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<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zældæbæl</oRef> mæ razi xiztæj cid mæ
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bæx</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на траве передо мной пасся, бывало, мой
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конь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on the grass in front of me my horse used to
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graze</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">zarita-</w></mentioned> от базы <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>зелень</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ударение на первом слоге (<w type="rec">zárita-</w>) привело к редукции и исчезновению гласного <c>i</c> во втором. Но, прежде
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чем исчезнуть, <c>i</c> произвел свое обычное действие: превратил <c>r</c> в <c>l</c>. Ср.
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zard</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>zart</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>zartgōn</w>
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<gloss><q>желтого цвета</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment">(из иран.)</note>
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<w>zartagoyn</w>
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<gloss><q>желтый цветок, используемый для окрашивания</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>zītö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>zēṛ</w>, <w>ziyaṛ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>zāḷ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>zird</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj" extralang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>zīt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>zord</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ysīḍai</w>, <w>ysīḍaa-</w>
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zaritaka-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>zérta</w>
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<note type="comment">в <phr>zérta rūγin</phr>
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<gloss><q>топленое (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">желтое</q>) масло</q></gloss>,
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а также в топонимии (<bibl><author>Хромов</author>. <title>Ягнобские архаизмы в
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топонимических названиях</title>. В сб.: <bibl type="m"><title>Иранское
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языкознание</title>, <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date></bibl>,
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<biblScope>стр. 165–166</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">zertak</w> (<w>zyrtk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zairita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>harita-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Иранскую базу <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ǵhel-</w></mentioned> мы находим еще в ряде осетинских слов: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>. Эта же база — в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
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<gloss><q>золото</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>золотой</q></gloss></ref>. По значению
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<oRef>zældæ</oRef> ближе к славо-балтийскому (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зелье</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зеленый</q>), чем к иранскому (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">желтый</q>). Этимологически и по значению, но c иным
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словообразованием, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>русск.</lang>
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<note type="comment">(диал.)</note>
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<w>зелок</w>
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<gloss><q>молодая трава</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Трубачев</author>. <title>Славянские этимологии</title>
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<biblScope>29–39</biblScope>. <bibl type="m"><title>Этимологические исследования по
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русскому языку</title>, <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>,
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<biblScope>стр. 36–37</biblScope></bibl></bibl>.)</note></mentioned>. —
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<mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang>Венг.</lang>
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<w>zöld</w>
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<gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned> усвоено из аланского
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(<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
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<biblScope>II 43, IV 380, V 321</biblScope></bibl>). — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8zær6æ9"><w type="rec">zær</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>II 47, 82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>119, 245, 252, 572, 588, 597</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
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<biblScope>350</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">zarita-</w></mentioned> from the base <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>green</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>greenery</q></gloss></mentioned>. The stress on the first syllable (<w type="rec">zárita-</w>) led to the reduction and disappearance of the vowel <c>i</c> in
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the second one. But before disappearance, <c>i</c> performed its usual action: turned
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<c>r</c> into <c>l</c>. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zard</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>zart</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>zartgōn</w>
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<gloss><q>of yellow colour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment">(from Iranian)</note>
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<w>zartagoyn</w>
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<gloss><q>yellow flower used for colouring</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>zītö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>zēṛ</w>, <w>ziyaṛ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>zāḷ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>zird</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj" extralang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>zīt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>zord</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ysīḍai</w>, <w>ysīḍaa-</w>
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zaritaka-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>zérta</w>
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<note type="comment">in <phr>zérta rūγin</phr>
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<gloss><q>melted (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">yellow</q>) butter</q></gloss>,
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and also in toponymy (<bibl><author>Xromov</author>. <title>Jagnobskie arxaizmy v
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toponimičeskix nazvanijax [Yaghnobi archaisms in toponymic names]</title>. In:
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<bibl type="m"><title>Iranskoe jazykoznanie [Iranian linguistics]</title>,
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<pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date></bibl>, <biblScope>p.
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165–166</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">zertak</w> (<w>zyrtk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>zairita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>harita-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>. The Iranian base <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ǵhel-</w></mentioned> we also find in a number of Ossetic words: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>. The same base is in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
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<gloss><q>gold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>golden</q></gloss></ref>. By its meaning
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<oRef>zældæ</oRef> is closer to Slavo-Baltic (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">potion</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">green</q>), than to Iranian (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">yellow</q>). Etymologically and in meaning, but with a
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different derivation, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>Russian</lang>
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<note type="comment">(dialectal)</note>
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<w>zelok</w>
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<gloss><q>young grass</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Trubačëv</author>. <title>Slavjanskie ètimologii
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[Slavic etymologies]</title>
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<biblScope>29–39</biblScope>. <bibl type="m"><title>Ètimologičeskie issledovanija po
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russkomu jazyku [Etymological studies in Russian]</title>,
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<pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope>p.
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36–37</biblScope></bibl></bibl>.)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>zöld</w>
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<gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned> is acquired from Alanian
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(<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
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<biblScope>II 43, IV 380, V 321</biblScope></bibl>). — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8zær6æ9"><w type="rec">zær</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>II 47, 82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>119, 245, 252, 572, 588, 597</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
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<biblScope>350</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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