abaev-xml/entries/abaev_stæn_1.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

223 lines
No EOL
17 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stæn_1</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_stæn_1" n="1" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d4755e66" type="lemma"><orth>stæn</orth></form>
<usg><lang/></usg>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4755e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>кобель</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>male dog</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<re>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; отмечено только в выражении </note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; is attested only in the expression </note>
<form type="lemma"><orth>stænmæ cæwyn</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">идти на случку</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230208T094637+0300" comment="???????"?>
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">go to mating</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>
</tr>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (о суке), буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">идти к кобелю</q></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (of a female dog), literally <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">go to the male dog</q></note>
</sense>
</re>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. аналогичные выражения: о кобыле <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>wyrsmæ</w>
<w>cæwyn</w></phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">идти к жеребцу</q></gloss></mentioned>, о
корове <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>k˳yrmæ</w>
<w>cæwyn</w></phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">идти к быку</q></gloss></mentioned>, о свинье
(?) <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ǵyrtmæ</w>
<w>cæwyn</w></phr></mentioned></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. similar expressions: of the mare <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>wyrsmæ</w>
<w>cæwyn</w></phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">go to the stallion</q></gloss></mentioned>, of
the cow <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>k˳yrmæ</w>
<w>cæwyn</w></phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">go to the bull</q></gloss></mentioned>, of the
pig (?) <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ǵyrtmæ</w>
<w>cæwyn</w></phr></mentioned></note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūs... jæxs radavta, rašavta mæ æmæ kaša ( =
gaʒa) festadtæn... qæwy mæ k˳yjtæ sīstoj æmæ k˳yjtæj yssydtæn
<oRef>stænmæ</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">женщина схватила плетку, хлестнула меня, и я
превратился в суку; в ауле меня стали преследовать собаки и я с собаками (кобелями)
имел случку</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the woman grabbed a whip, whipped me, and I
turned into a female dog; dogs began to chase me in the village and I had mating
with (male) dogs</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>I 17</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cady mæxī k˳yd bappærston, aftæ jæfs bæx
festadtæn... wyrsmæ cæwyn bajdydton, aftæmæj myn bajrægtæ g˳yrdīs... bappærston ta
mæxī cady, aftæmæj gacca festadtæn... <oRef>stænmæ</oRef><note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">В тексте ошибочно <w>uysmænmæ</w>, но в <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">прим. 13 на стр. 248</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">прим. 13
на стр. 248</biblScope></bibl><w>stæ(n)mæ</w>.</note><note xml:lang="en" type="footnote">There is <w>uysmænmæ</w> in the text by mistake, but in
<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">fn. 13 on the page 248</biblScope></bibl>
<w>stæ(n)mæ</w>.</note> cæwyn bajdydton, aftæmæj myn qævdyntæ g˳yrdīs</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как только я бросился в озеро, я превратился в
кобылу... я стал случаться с жеребцами, и у меня рождались жеребята... опять я
бросился в озеро и превратился в суку; я стал случаться с кобелями, и у меня
рождались щенки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">As soon as I dove into the lake, I turned into
a mare... I began mating with stallions, and foals were born to me... again I dove
into the lake and turned into a female dog; I began mating with male dogs, and
puppies were born to me</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 41</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">sčan-</w>, <w type="rec">skan-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>sken-</w></mentioned>. Для <c>st</c> из <c>sč(sc)</c> ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īsty"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæstæ_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stawyn_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæstīnon"/>. В припамирских иранских языках представлено в двух значениях
<q>щенок</q> и <q>козленок</q>: <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>skən</w>, <w>skön</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj" extralang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>skən</w>,<w> s(ə)ken</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>skənok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>skönük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>səkwon</w>
<gloss><q>щенок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>ṣ̌tənak</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sčənak</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>štənok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
<w>išten</w>
<gloss><q>козленок</q>, <q>козочка</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sčaeniš</w>
<gloss><q>козленок</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Hoffmann</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS">MSS</ref>
<biblScope>XXII 29, 36—37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>,
<title>Iran and Islam</title>, <pubPlace>Edinburgh</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>,
<biblScope>стр. 267 сл</biblScope>.</bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Безупречные
соответствия в славянских языках: <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>štene</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T083325+0300" comment="и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sčen-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>щеня</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>щенок</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
<w>щеня</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
<w>szczeniȩ</w>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Участие припамирских языков в
восточноевропейской (скифо-славянской) изоглоссе не случайно. Оно является одним из
доказательств генетической связи этих языков со скифским. В пользу этого говорят и
некоторые яркие памирско- восточнофипские лексические схождения. См.:
<bibl><author>Joki</author>, <title>Studia orientalia</title>
<date>1963</date>
<biblScope>XXVIII 7—8</biblScope></bibl>.</note></mentioned> Далее сюда относят
<mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>skʼund</w>
<gloss><q>щенок</q>, <q>волчонок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
<w>cano</w>
<gloss><q>волчонок</q></gloss></mentioned>. Об использовании одного и того же термина
для детенышей разных животных см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Buck"/>
<biblScope>180, s.v. <w>puppy</w></biblScope></bibl>. — В частности, для колебания
значений <q>щенок</q> || <q>козленок</q> ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>čut</w>
<gloss><q>козленок</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kuri</w></mentioned></note></mentioned>, в других
языках <q>собака</q>, <q>щенок</q> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yʒ"/>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>605</biblScope></bibl>), или <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang>курд,</lang>
<w>buǰi</w>
<gloss><q>щенок</q></gloss></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>buz</w>
<gloss><q>коза</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Наряду с <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>sken-</w></mentioned> был, видимо, вариант <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w>sḱen-</w></mentioned>, что закономерно дало в осетинском <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>sæn-</m></mentioned>; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sænykk"><w>sænykk</w>
<q>козленок</q>, <q>козочка</q></ref>.<lb> </lb><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
<biblScope>21—22</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">sčan-</w>, <w type="rec">skan-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>sken-</w></mentioned>. For <c>st</c> from <c>sč(sc)</c> cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īsty"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæstæ_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stawyn_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæstīnon"/>. In the Pamir Iranian languages it is represented in two
meanings — <q>puppy</q> and <q>baby goat</q>: <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>skən</w>, <w>skön</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj" extralang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>skən</w>,<w> s(ə)ken</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>skənok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>skönük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>səkwon</w>
<gloss><q>puppy</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>ṣ̌tənak</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sčənak</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>štənok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
<w>išten</w>
<gloss><q>baby goat</q>, <q>female goat</q></gloss></mentioned>. Also here <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sčaeniš</w>
<gloss><q>baby goat</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Hoffmann</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS">MSS</ref>
<biblScope>XXII 29, 36—37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>,
<title>Iran and Islam</title>, <pubPlace>Edinburgh</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>,
<biblScope>p. 267 ff</biblScope>.</bibl>)</note></mentioned>. There are perfect
correspondances in Slavic languages: <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>štene</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221104T083325+0300" comment="и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sčen-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>schenya</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>schenok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
<w>schenya</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
<w>szczeniȩ</w>.<note xml:lang="en" type="footnote">The participation of the Pamir languages in the Eastern European (Scythian-Slavic)
isogloss is not accidental. It is one of the proofs of the genetic connection of these
languages with Scythian. Some striking Pamir-East Finnish lexical convergences also
speak in favour of this. See: <bibl><author>Joki</author>, <title>Studia
orientalia</title>
<date>1963</date>
<biblScope>XXVIII 7—8</biblScope></bibl>.</note></mentioned> Further the following
is included: <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>skʼund</w>
<gloss><q>puppy</q>, <q>wolf cub</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
<w>cano</w>
<gloss><q>wolf cub</q></gloss></mentioned>. For the use of the same term for cubs of
different animals, see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Buck"/>
<biblScope>180, s.v. <w>puppy</w></biblScope></bibl>. — In particular, for variation of
meanings <q>puppy</q> || <q>baby goat</q> cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>čut</w>
<gloss><q>baby goat</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kuri</w></mentioned></note></mentioned>, in other
languages <q>dog</q>, <q>puppy</q> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yʒ"/>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>605</biblScope></bibl>), or <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>buǰi</w>
<gloss><q>puppy</q></gloss></mentioned> while having <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>buz</w>
<gloss><q>goat</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Along with <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>sken-</w></mentioned> there was, apparently, the variant <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w>sḱen-</w></mentioned>, what regularly gave in Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>sæn-</m></mentioned>; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sænykk"><w>sænykk</w>
<q>baby goat</q>, <q>female goat</q></ref>.<lb> </lb><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
<biblScope>21—22</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>