abaev-xml/entries/abaev_tæn_1.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

353 lines
No EOL
23 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tæn_1</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_tæn_1" n="1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230207T210653+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
<form xml:id="form_d5043e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tæn</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tænæ</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5043e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>бок нижней части живота</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>lower abdominal side</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><gram>plural</gram><orth>tæntæ</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нижняя часть живота</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lower abdomen</q>
</tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>паховая область</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>crotch area</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>tænǵyn</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">упитанный</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">chubby</q>
</tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>тучный</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>obese</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>толстобрюхий</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>fat-bellied</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><usg><lang/></usg>
<orth>tænti rajsun, tænti raxæssun</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">понести с
(подтянутыми) боками</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">carry with
(taut) sides</q>
</tr>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (о неудержимо скачущей лошади; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 182</biblScope><hi>₁₀₂</hi></bibl>)</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (about an unstoppable galloping horse; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 182</biblScope><hi>₁₀₂</hi></bibl>)</note>
</sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xory kūtūjaw jæ <oRef>tæntæ</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как зерновая корзина его брюхо</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his belly is like a grain basket </q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæfq˳ynjæ <oRef>tæntæ</oRef> raxīz tæn
akærtt kodta æmæ axyztīs ūrdygæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(проглоченный драконом юноша) взрезал у дракона
правый бок живота и вылез оттуда</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the young man swallowed by the dragon) cut
open the right side of the dragon's belly and came out of there</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 80</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ bæxæn jæ <oRef>tæntæ</oRef>
baxawdysty</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у моего коня запал живот</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my horse's belly is swollen</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fækodta bæxy <oRef>tæntæn</oRef>
tæpp</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стегнул коня по животу</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">whipped the horse on the belly</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Мысост"/>
<biblScope>124</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">acy myn fijjaw wætæry kæron. || qazaqqy næmyg
<oRef>tæny</oRef> kæron</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">этот мне пастух — на краю кутана. || казачья
пуля (попала) мне в край живота</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">this shepherd to me — at the edge of the camp.
|| a cossack bullet (hit) me in the side of my stomach</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>168</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dy dær dæ <oRef>tæntæ</oRef> ajvæztytæ
kænʒynæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и ты поразомнешь свое брюхо</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and you are going to stretch your belly</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæxæn wæxæn ærtæ cæfi nikkodta je xsæj, ma æ
<oRef>tænæj</oRef> ærtæ wafsxwari isxawdtæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">коню он нанес три таких удара своей плетью, что
от его бока отскочили три (куска кожи) размером с подошву</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he gave the horse three such blows with his
whip that three (chunks of skin) the size of the sole bounced off the horse's
side</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
<biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Alibegi bæxæn berǧʒari æsmag æ finʒi ma j
<oRef>tænti</oRef> rajsta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лошади Алибега запах волчьей шкуры ударил в
нос, и она его понесла</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The smell of wolf skin hit the nose of Alibeg's
horse, and she carried him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 17</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>тело</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>, <w>tana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>tan</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>тело</q>, <q>личность</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>tanvār</w>
<gloss><q>туловище</q>, <q>живот</q></gloss></mentioned>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Junker._Frahang"/>
<biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>tän</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>tan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang xml:lang="mnj"/>
<w>tanā</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>тело</q>, <q>туловище</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>, <w>tanā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>, <w>tano</w>, <w>ton</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>
<gloss><q>тело</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Как в
курдском и афганском, так и в припамирских языках слово может быть заимствованием из
персидского.</note>
<mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>tan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">tan-</w> в <w>tnpr</w>
<gloss>id.</gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
<biblScope>273</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>ttani-</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="xtq">тумшук
<w>tana-</w></mentioned>)</note>
<gloss><q>кожа</q></gloss></mentioned>
<name>Bailey</name> связывает не с <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>тело</q></gloss></mentioned>, а с <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>тонкий</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title>KhT</title>
<biblScope>VI 100</biblScope></bibl>). Ср., далее, <mentioned xml:lang="ae" extralang="peo"><lang/>
<w>tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>тело</q>, <q>личность</q>, <q>сам</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(употребляется и как возвратное
местоимение)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>tanu-</w>
<gloss>id</gloss></mentioned>. Из иранского идет <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>tani</w>
<gloss><q>тело</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андроникашвили"/>
<biblScope>376</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Дальнейшие связи не ясны.
<bibl><author>Oštir</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_WuS"/>
<biblScope>III 206</biblScope>)</bibl> сближал <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>tělo</w></mentioned>, производя его из <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><w type="rec">tēn-lo</w></mentioned>. Можно было бы думать и о древнем колебании сонантов <w>n</w>
|| <w>l</w> (<w>ten-</w> || <w>tel-</w>); см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FL"/>
<date>1973</date>
<biblScope>VI 189</biblScope></bibl>. — Перенос значения <q>тело</q><q>живот</q> не
ставит особых проблем: часть по целому. В значении <q>тело</q> осетинский закрепил <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bwar"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bwar</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bwær</w></ref><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">upā-vara-</w></mentioned>. —
Есть ли связь между <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>тело</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>тонкий</q></gloss></mentioned> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn"><w>tænæg</w></ref>)? Одни признают ее (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>1069</biblScope></bibl>), другие подвергают сомнению (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
<biblScope>I 475</biblScope></bibl>). Показательную параллель дает убыхский язык на
Кавказе: <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
<w>txa</w> совмещает значения <gloss><q>тонкий</q></gloss> и
<gloss><q>бедра</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>стан</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Dirr</author>, <title>Caucasica</title>
<date>1928</date>
<biblScope>V 15</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Mészaros</author>
<biblScope>272</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Значение
<gloss><q>кожа</q></gloss> могло быть связующим между <gloss><q>тонкий</q></gloss> и
<gloss><q>тело</q></gloss> (ср. выше <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>ttani-</w></mentioned>). — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tænǵyn"><w>tænǵyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tænǧazæ"><w>tænǧazæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæntʼīxæg"><w>tæntīxæg</w></ref> и, может быть, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_artæn"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230207T210603+0300" comment="У Абаева &quot;ærtæn&quot; — видимо, опечатка"?>artæn<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>
<gloss><q>внутренности</q></gloss></ref>, если из <w>arf-tæn</w>
<gloss><q>глубь живота</q></gloss>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
<biblScope>III 150</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">It is derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>body</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>, <w>tana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>tan</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>body</q>, <q>person</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>tanvār</w>
<gloss><q>corpus</q>, <q>belly</q></gloss></mentioned>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Junker._Frahang"/>
<biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>tän</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>tan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang xml:lang="mnj"/>
<w>tanā</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>body</q>, <q>corpus</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>, <w>tanā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>, <w>tano</w>, <w>ton</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>tan</w>
<gloss><q>body</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">In both Kurdish and
Afghani, as well as in Pamiri languages, the word can be borrowed from Persian.</note>
<mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>tan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">tan-</w> in <w>tnpr</w>
<gloss>id.</gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
<biblScope>273</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <name>Bailey</name> links
<mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>ttani-</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="xtq">Tumshuk
<w>tana-</w></mentioned>)</note>
<gloss><q>spin</q></gloss></mentioned> not to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>body</q></gloss></mentioned>, but to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>thin</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title>KhT</title>
<biblScope>VI 100</biblScope></bibl>). Cf., further <mentioned xml:lang="ae" extralang="peo"><lang/>
<w>tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>body</q>, <q>person</q>, <q>self</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(is also used as a reflexive
pronoun)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>tanu-</w>
<gloss>id</gloss></mentioned>. From Iranian comes <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>tani</w>
<gloss><q>body</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андроникашвили"/>
<biblScope>376</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Further connections are not
clear. <bibl><author>Oštir</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_WuS"/>
<biblScope>III 206</biblScope>)</bibl> connected <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>tělo</w></mentioned>, deriving it from <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><w type="rec">tēn-lo</w></mentioned>. One could also think of an ancient sonant oscillation
<w>n</w> || <w>l</w> (<w>ten-</w> || <w>tel-</w>); cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FL"/>
<date>1973</date>
<biblScope>VI 189</biblScope></bibl>. — The meaning alternation <q>body</q>
<q>belly</q> does not pose any special problems: part by the whole. In the meaning of
<q>body</q> Ossetic fixes <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bwar"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bwar</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bwær</w></ref><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">upā-vara-</w></mentioned>. — Is there a connection between <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>body</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tanu-</w>
<gloss><q>thin</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn"><w>tænæg</w></ref>)? Some acknowledge it (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>1069</biblScope></bibl>), others question it (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
<biblScope>I 475</biblScope></bibl>). A revealing parallel is given by the Ubykh
language in the Caucasus: <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
<w>txa</w> combines the meaning <gloss><q>thin</q></gloss> and
<gloss><q>thigh</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>figure</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Dirr</author>, <title>Caucasica</title>
<date>1928</date>
<biblScope>V 15</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Mészaros</author>
<biblScope>272</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The meaning
<gloss><q>skin</q></gloss> could be cohesive between <gloss><q>thin</q></gloss> and
<gloss><q>body</q></gloss> (cf. above <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>ttani-</w></mentioned>). — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tænǵyn"><w>tænǵyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tænǧazæ"><w>tænǧazæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæntʼīxæg"><w>tæntīxæg</w></ref> and, perhaps <ref type="xr" target="#entry_artæn"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230207T210603+0300" comment="У Абаева &quot;ærtæn&quot; — видимо, опечатка"?>artæn<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>
<gloss><q>insides</q></gloss></ref>, if from <w>arf-tæn</w>
<gloss><q>depth of stomach</q></gloss>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>III 150</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>